Questões de Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension para Concurso - Página 169

Q1877931

Q1877931 Inglês

Texto associado

Early electronic computers such as Colossus made use of punched tape, a long strip of paper on which data was represented by a series of holes, a technology now obsolete. Electronic data storage, which is used in modern computers, dates from World War II, when a form of delay-line memory was developed to remove the clutter from radar signals, the first practical application of which was the mercury delay line. The first random-access digital storage device was the Williams tube, based on a standard cathode ray tube, but the information stored in it was volatile in that it had to be continuously refreshed, and thus was lost once power was removed. The earliest form of nonvolatile computer storage was the magnetic drum, invented in 1932 and used in the Ferranti Mark 1, the world’s first commercially available general-purpose electronic computer.

Information Technology. Internet: <en.wikipedia.org> (adapted).

Considering the text above, judge the following item.

According to the text, before 1932, information could only be stored provisionally in digital form.

Certo

Errado

Você errou! Resposta:

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Q1877928

Q1877928 Inglês

Texto associado

Jack Kilby’s revolutionary idea was to make all the different components of a circuit out of the same flat block of semiconductor material. Not only would this get rid of wires and faulty connections, it would make the entire circuit much more compact. Kilby demonstrated his first “integrated circuit” on Sept. 12, 1958.

Six months later, in California, another engineer, Robert Noyce, independently came up with the idea of making an integrated circuit. Noyce’s chip was better suited to be manufactured in large numbers, and soon he was part of a young company called Intel.

Thus was launched a revolution. The first chip-based computer was the first U.S. Air Force computer, built in 1961. The true potential of the integrated circuit was shown when Texas Instruments unveiled the pocket calculator. Previously calculators had been bulky devices that needed to be plugged in to electrical mains. The pocket calculator, small enough to hold in one’s palm, had a chip inside and batteries were adequate to power it.

Progress was rapid thereafter. Many have already heard of Moore’s law, which has become a mantra of the digital age. First put forward by the Intel co-founder Gordon Moore in the 1960s, it says that the processing power of a chip doubles every two years, while the price falls by half. For more than four decades, Moore’s law has held, driving incredible growth and miniaturization — and wealth.

The question is whether the semiconductor industry can sustain this pace. Further increasing the processing power of chips is proving to be problematic as certain fundamental physical barriers are being reached. At the same time, new frontiers are opening up. The quest is on to make chips that are powered by light instead of electricity, which will enable much faster computers.

Saswato Das. The Chip that Changed the World. Internet: <www.nytimes.com> (adapted).

Considering the text above, judge the following item.

According to the text, before the pocket calculator, calculators were compact, but did not run on batteries.

Certo

Errado

Você errou! Resposta:

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Q1877927

Q1877927 Inglês

Texto associado

Jack Kilby’s revolutionary idea was to make all the different components of a circuit out of the same flat block of semiconductor material. Not only would this get rid of wires and faulty connections, it would make the entire circuit much more compact. Kilby demonstrated his first “integrated circuit” on Sept. 12, 1958.

Six months later, in California, another engineer, Robert Noyce, independently came up with the idea of making an integrated circuit. Noyce’s chip was better suited to be manufactured in large numbers, and soon he was part of a young company called Intel.

Thus was launched a revolution. The first chip-based computer was the first U.S. Air Force computer, built in 1961. The true potential of the integrated circuit was shown when Texas Instruments unveiled the pocket calculator. Previously calculators had been bulky devices that needed to be plugged in to electrical mains. The pocket calculator, small enough to hold in one’s palm, had a chip inside and batteries were adequate to power it.

Progress was rapid thereafter. Many have already heard of Moore’s law, which has become a mantra of the digital age. First put forward by the Intel co-founder Gordon Moore in the 1960s, it says that the processing power of a chip doubles every two years, while the price falls by half. For more than four decades, Moore’s law has held, driving incredible growth and miniaturization — and wealth.

The question is whether the semiconductor industry can sustain this pace. Further increasing the processing power of chips is proving to be problematic as certain fundamental physical barriers are being reached. At the same time, new frontiers are opening up. The quest is on to make chips that are powered by light instead of electricity, which will enable much faster computers.

Saswato Das. The Chip that Changed the World. Internet: <www.nytimes.com> (adapted).

Considering the text above, judge the following item.

In the third sentence of the fourth paragraph, the pronoun “it” refers to Intel.

Certo

Errado

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Q1877926

Q1877926 Inglês

Texto associado

In May 2021, a hole was found in a robotic arm aboard the International Space Station (ISS). The suspected culprit was a piece of rogue space junk. While thankfully no astronauts were injured, it has re-focussed attention on the growing problem of orbital debris.

How did we get here?

It’s easy to forget that just seven decades ago the Moon was the only thing orbiting the Earth. On 1 January 2021 there were 6,542 satellites in orbit. Tellingly, only just over half of them were active. That’s a lot of useless metal careering around the planet at 28,000 kph — ten times faster than a bullet.

How bad is the problem?

Very bad and getting worse. Estimates suggest there are currently half a million pieces of debris the size of a marble or larger and 100 million pieces of debris above one millimeter across. Yet only 27,000 pieces are actively tracked by the US Department of Defense.

What is Kessler syndrome?

It’s a catastrophic chain of events in which a satellite is shattered by a piece of space junk (or a collision with another satellite) and the resulting debris destroys more satellites creating more junk and so on in a never-ending cascade. It’s a domino effect – one piece falls and then takes the rest with it – and is named after NASA scientist Donald Kessler, who outlined the dangers back in 1978.

What can we do about it?

Better regulation of new launches would help, as right now it’s a bit of a free-for-all. There are existing regulations in place to try and mitigate the dangers, such as a 25-year de-orbit rule for missions in low-Earth orbit. However, ESA’s Space Debris Environment Report says that less than 60 per cent of those flying in low-Earth orbit currently stick to the rules.

Colin Stuart. Space Junk: Is it a disaster waiting to happen?

Internet: <www.sciencefocus.com> (adapted).

Considering the text above, judge the following item.

The event described in the first paragraph is an example of an effect whose risks were predicted decades ago.

Certo

Errado

Você errou! Resposta:

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Q1877925

Q1877925 Inglês

Texto associado

In May 2021, a hole was found in a robotic arm aboard the International Space Station (ISS). The suspected culprit was a piece of rogue space junk. While thankfully no astronauts were injured, it has re-focussed attention on the growing problem of orbital debris.

How did we get here?

It’s easy to forget that just seven decades ago the Moon was the only thing orbiting the Earth. On 1 January 2021 there were 6,542 satellites in orbit. Tellingly, only just over half of them were active. That’s a lot of useless metal careering around the planet at 28,000 kph — ten times faster than a bullet.

How bad is the problem?

Very bad and getting worse. Estimates suggest there are currently half a million pieces of debris the size of a marble or larger and 100 million pieces of debris above one millimeter across. Yet only 27,000 pieces are actively tracked by the US Department of Defense.

What is Kessler syndrome?

It’s a catastrophic chain of events in which a satellite is shattered by a piece of space junk (or a collision with another satellite) and the resulting debris destroys more satellites creating more junk and so on in a never-ending cascade. It’s a domino effect – one piece falls and then takes the rest with it – and is named after NASA scientist Donald Kessler, who outlined the dangers back in 1978.

What can we do about it?

Better regulation of new launches would help, as right now it’s a bit of a free-for-all. There are existing regulations in place to try and mitigate the dangers, such as a 25-year de-orbit rule for missions in low-Earth orbit. However, ESA’s Space Debris Environment Report says that less than 60 per cent of those flying in low-Earth orbit currently stick to the rules.

Colin Stuart. Space Junk: Is it a disaster waiting to happen?

Internet: <www.sciencefocus.com> (adapted).

Considering the text above, judge the following item.

The word “Yet” (third paragraph) acts as an indicator of time.

Certo

Errado

Você errou! Resposta:

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Q1877924

Q1877924 Inglês

Texto associado

In May 2021, a hole was found in a robotic arm aboard the International Space Station (ISS). The suspected culprit was a piece of rogue space junk. While thankfully no astronauts were injured, it has re-focussed attention on the growing problem of orbital debris.

How did we get here?

It’s easy to forget that just seven decades ago the Moon was the only thing orbiting the Earth. On 1 January 2021 there were 6,542 satellites in orbit. Tellingly, only just over half of them were active. That’s a lot of useless metal careering around the planet at 28,000 kph — ten times faster than a bullet.

How bad is the problem?

Very bad and getting worse. Estimates suggest there are currently half a million pieces of debris the size of a marble or larger and 100 million pieces of debris above one millimeter across. Yet only 27,000 pieces are actively tracked by the US Department of Defense.

What is Kessler syndrome?

It’s a catastrophic chain of events in which a satellite is shattered by a piece of space junk (or a collision with another satellite) and the resulting debris destroys more satellites creating more junk and so on in a never-ending cascade. It’s a domino effect – one piece falls and then takes the rest with it – and is named after NASA scientist Donald Kessler, who outlined the dangers back in 1978.

What can we do about it?

Better regulation of new launches would help, as right now it’s a bit of a free-for-all. There are existing regulations in place to try and mitigate the dangers, such as a 25-year de-orbit rule for missions in low-Earth orbit. However, ESA’s Space Debris Environment Report says that less than 60 per cent of those flying in low-Earth orbit currently stick to the rules.

Colin Stuart. Space Junk: Is it a disaster waiting to happen?

Internet: <www.sciencefocus.com> (adapted).

Considering the text above, judge the following item.

It can be concluded that in the beginning of the fourth paragraph, “It's” is the contracted form of it has.

Certo

Errado

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Q1877613

Ano: 2022 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: Telebras Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Analista de TI | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Administração | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Contador |

Q1877613 Inglês

Texto associado

Early electronic computers such as Colossus made use of punched tape, a long strip of paper on which data was represented by a series of holes, a technology now obsolete. Electronic data storage, which is used in modern computers, dates from World War II, when a form of delay-line memory was developed to remove the clutter from radar signals, the first practical application of which was the mercury delay line. The first random-access digital storage device was the Williams tube, based on a standard cathode ray tube, but the information stored in it was volatile in that it had to be continuously refreshed, and thus was lost once power was removed. The earliest form of nonvolatile computer storage was the magnetic drum, invented in 1932 and used in the Ferranti Mark 1, the world’s first commercially available general-purpose electronic computer.

Information Technology. Internet: <en.wikipedia.org> (adapted)

Considering the text above, judge the following item.

The text would remain unchanged in terms of grammar and meaning if the excerpt “the world’s first commercially available general-purpose electronic computer” (in the end of the text) were replaced with the first commercially available general-purpose electronic computer in the world.

Certo

Errado

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Q1877609

Ano: 2022 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: Telebras Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Analista de TI | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Administração | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Contador |

Q1877609 Inglês

Texto associado

Jack Kilby’s revolutionary idea was to make all the different components of a circuit out of the same flat block of semiconductor material. Not only would this get rid of wires and faulty connections, it would make the entire circuit much more compact. Kilby demonstrated his first “integrated circuit” on Sept. 12, 1958.

Six months later, in California, another engineer, Robert Noyce, independently came up with the idea of making an integrated circuit. Noyce’s chip was better suited to be manufactured in large numbers, and soon he was part of a young company called Intel.

Thus was launched a revolution. The first chip-based computer was the first U.S. Air Force computer, built in 1961. The true potential of the integrated circuit was shown when Texas Instruments unveiled the pocket calculator. Previously calculators had been bulky devices that needed to be plugged in to electrical mains. The pocket calculator, small enough to hold in one’s palm, had a chip inside and batteries were adequate to power it.

Progress was rapid thereafter. Many have already heard of Moore’s law, which has become a mantra of the digital age. First put forward by the Intel co-founder Gordon Moore in the 1960s, it says that the processing power of a chip doubles every two years, while the price falls by half. For more than four decades, Moore’s law has held, driving incredible growth and miniaturization — and wealth.

The question is whether the semiconductor industry can sustain this pace. Further increasing the processing power of chips is proving to be problematic as certain fundamental physical barriers are being reached. At the same time, new frontiers are opening up. The quest is on to make chips that are powered by light instead of electricity, which will enable much faster computers.

Saswato Das. The Chip that Changed the World. Internet: <www.nytimes.com> (adapted).

Considering the text above, judge the following item.

The phrase “better suited to” (second paragraph) means more able to meet the requirements of.

Certo

Errado

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Q1877608

Ano: 2022 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: Telebras Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Analista de TI | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Administração | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Contador |

Q1877608 Inglês

Texto associado

Jack Kilby’s revolutionary idea was to make all the different components of a circuit out of the same flat block of semiconductor material. Not only would this get rid of wires and faulty connections, it would make the entire circuit much more compact. Kilby demonstrated his first “integrated circuit” on Sept. 12, 1958.

Six months later, in California, another engineer, Robert Noyce, independently came up with the idea of making an integrated circuit. Noyce’s chip was better suited to be manufactured in large numbers, and soon he was part of a young company called Intel.

Thus was launched a revolution. The first chip-based computer was the first U.S. Air Force computer, built in 1961. The true potential of the integrated circuit was shown when Texas Instruments unveiled the pocket calculator. Previously calculators had been bulky devices that needed to be plugged in to electrical mains. The pocket calculator, small enough to hold in one’s palm, had a chip inside and batteries were adequate to power it.

Progress was rapid thereafter. Many have already heard of Moore’s law, which has become a mantra of the digital age. First put forward by the Intel co-founder Gordon Moore in the 1960s, it says that the processing power of a chip doubles every two years, while the price falls by half. For more than four decades, Moore’s law has held, driving incredible growth and miniaturization — and wealth.

The question is whether the semiconductor industry can sustain this pace. Further increasing the processing power of chips is proving to be problematic as certain fundamental physical barriers are being reached. At the same time, new frontiers are opening up. The quest is on to make chips that are powered by light instead of electricity, which will enable much faster computers.

Saswato Das. The Chip that Changed the World. Internet: <www.nytimes.com> (adapted).

Considering the text above, judge the following item.

According to the text, before the pocket calculator, calculators were compact, but did not run on batteries.

Certo

Errado

Você errou! Resposta:

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Q1877317

Ano: 2021 Banca: IBFC Órgão: SEED - RR Prova: IBFC - 2021 - SEED - RR - Professor de Educação Básica - Língua Inglesa |

Q1877317 Inglês

See the figure below:

Imagem associada para resolução da questão

Choose the phrase that best represents the image.

A

Three oranges are lighter than two apples

B

Apples have the same weight as oranges

C

Apples are heavier than oranges

D

Oranges are heavier than apples

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Q1877293

Ano: 2021 Banca: IBFC Órgão: SEED - RR Prova: IBFC - 2021 - SEED - RR - Professor de Educação Básica - Língua Inglesa |

Q1877293 Inglês

Leia o trecho a seguir:

“As alleged, Raymond White lied and provided false documentation and credentials to the military and the Small Business Administration in procuring a multimillion-dollar contract he was not qualified to fulfill.”
(https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdny/pr/manhattan-business-mancharged-manhattan-federal-court-fraudulently-obtaininggovernment)

Após a leitura deste depoimento podemos concluir que _______.
Assinale a alternativa que preencha corretamente a lacuna.

A

Raymond White mentiu ao procurar um contrato multimilionário , mesmo sem ter qualificações para cumprir com o que constava no documento

B

Raymond White leu e forneceu documentos comprobatórios sobre um contrato multimilionário, que qualificações para cumprir com o que constava no documento

C

Raymond White mentiu quando obteve um contrato multimilionário , mesmo sem ter qualificações para cumprir com o que constava no documento

D

Raymond White leu e forneceu documentos comprobatórios sobre um contrato multimilionário, que se recusou a assinar

Você errou! Resposta:

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Q1877291

Ano: 2021 Banca: IBFC Órgão: SEED - RR Prova: IBFC - 2021 - SEED - RR - Professor de Educação Básica - Língua Inglesa |

Q1877291 Inglês

Leia o trecho a seguir:

“The Queen’s lawyers secretly lobbied Scottish ministers to change a draft law to exempt her private land from a major initiative to cut carbon emissions, documents reveal. The exemption means the Queen, one of the largest landowners in Scotland, is the only person in the country not required to facilitate the construction of pipelines to heat buildings using renewable energy.”
(https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2021/jul/28/queen-secretly-lobbied-scottish-ministers-climate-law-exemption)

Cada tipo de texto, independentemente da língua, necessita, primeiramente, do reconhecimento do objetivo da leitura. Além de reconhecermos a razão que move a leitura, cada gênero textual solicita algumas informações específicas. No caso do texto jornalístico algumas informações específicas do texto são essenciais. No caso do trecho da reportagem apresentada acima podemos identificar algumas informações essenciais. Assinale a alternativa correta sobre o fato contado na reportagem.

A

Os advogados da rainha pressionaram os ministros escoceses para alterarem um projeto de lei. Neste documento a rainha será única pessoa que facilitará a construção de oleodutos

B

A rainha, com o objetivo de se isentar da necessidade de facilitar a construção de oleodutos solicita aos ministros a alteração do projeto de lei

C

Os advogados da rainha pressionaram os ministros escoceses para alterarem um projeto de lei. Neste documento a rainha será única pessoa que não será obrigada a facilitar a construção de oleodutos

D

Os ministros escoceses isentam a rainha da necessidade de contribuir e facilitar a construção de oleodutos

Você errou! Resposta:

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Q1877290

Ano: 2021 Banca: IBFC Órgão: SEED - RR Prova: IBFC - 2021 - SEED - RR - Professor de Educação Básica - Língua Inglesa |

Q1877290 Inglês

Leia o trecho a seguir:

“THE GRAND TOUR OF THE GARDENS

You must see for yourselves that it will be difficult to follow Peter Pan’s adventures unless you are familiar with the Kensington Gardens. They are in London, where the King lives, and I used to take David there nearly everyday unless he was looking decidedly flushed. No child has ever been in the whole of the Gardens, because it is so soon time to turn back. The reason it is soon time to turn back is that, if you are as small as David, you sleep from twelve to one. If your mother was not so sure that you sleep from twelve to one, you could most likely see the whole of them.”
(BARRIE, J. M. Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1910, p. 1)

A partir da leitura no início da obra de Barrei, analise as afirmativas abaixo.

I. Quem conhece os Jardins de Kensington é capaz de compreender a história de Peter Pan;
II. Davi, assim como as crianças pequenas, comumente dormem até o meio-dia;
III. O rei mora em Londres, onde estão os Jardins de Kensington.
IV. Todos os leitores, independentemente de sua faixa etária e conhecimento são capazes de compreender claramente as histórias de Peter Pan.

Estão corretas as afirmativas:

A

Somente I e II

B

Somente II e III

C

Somente II e IV

D

Somente I e III

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Q1877289

Ano: 2021 Banca: IBFC Órgão: SEED - RR Prova: IBFC - 2021 - SEED - RR - Professor de Educação Básica - Língua Inglesa |

Q1877289 Inglês

Leia o trecho introdutório de uma grande obra de Jane Austen e responda o que se pede:

“It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife. However little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his first entering a neighbourhood, this truth is so well fixed in the minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered the rightful property of some one or other of their daughters. ‘My dear Mr. Bennet,’ said his lady to him one day, ‘have you heard that Netherfield Park is let at last?’ Mr. Bennet replied that he had not. ‘But it is,’ returned she; ‘for Mrs. Long has just been here, and she told me all about it.’ Mr. Bennet made no answer. ‘Do you not want to know who has taken it?’ cried his wife impatiently. ‘You want to tell me, and I have no objection to hearing it.”
(AUSTEN, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. Available at: . Accessed on: 27 Sept. 2016.)

Assinale a alternativa que apresenta uma afirmação totalmente correta a partir da leitura específica do trecho apresentado.

A

O Sr. Bennet é o novo morador da região e as mães da região estão atentas para poder oferecer uma de suas filhas como sua esposa do milionário

B

É de conhecimento geral que todo milionário precisa se casar e assim que se muda para um novo local as famílias que lá residem ficam atentas. As mães de meninas desejam que suas filhas possam ser a escolhida por este novo vizinho

C

A esposa de Sr. Bennet o critica por estar ele tão curioso em saber quem será seu novo vizinho. Para ela, não há razão para tanta curiosidade

D

Sr. Bennet, ao saber que terá um novo vizinho, busca conhecê-lo, pois já sabe que ele é um novo milionário que se alocará na rua. Assim, ele poderá apesentar uma de suas filhas

Você errou! Resposta:

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Q1876962

Ano: 2021 Banca: AMEOSC Órgão: Prefeitura de Paraíso - SC Prova: AMEOSC - 2021 - Prefeitura de Paraíso - SC - Professor - Inglês - Edital nº 02 |

Q1876962 Inglês

Texto associado

O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.

(1º§) The ivory-billed woodpecker, along with 22 other species of birds, fish, mussels and other wildlife, is set to be declared extinct and removed from the endangered species list, US wildlife officials announced Wednesday.

(2º§) "For the species proposed for delisting today, the protections of the (Endangered Species Act) came too late, with most either extinct, functionally extinct, or in steep decline at the timing of listing," the US Fish and Wildlife Service said.

(3º§) "The circumstances of each also underscore how human activity can drive species decline and extinction, by contributing to habitat loss, overuse and the introduction of invasive species and disease. The growing impacts of climate change are anticipated to further exacerbate these threats and their interactions," the wildlife agency said.

(4º§) Interior Secretary Deb Haaland underscored that while a variety of specific factors contributed to each species' demise, "the story arc is essentially the same - humans altered their habitat in a significant way, and we couldn't or didn't do enough to ultimately change the trajectory before it was too late."

(5º§) But the interior secretary suggested the extinction of these species can be a "wake-up call" for humans to take action to prevent extinction and protect biodiversity.

(6º§) "With climate change and natural area loss pushing more and more species to the brink, now is the time to lift up proactive, collaborative, and innovative efforts to save America's wildlife," Haaland said Wednesday in a statement. "The Endangered Species Act has been incredibly effective at preventing species from going extinct and has also inspired action to conserve at-risk species and their habitat before they need to be listed as endangered or threatened.

(7º§) "We will continue to ensure that states, Tribes, private landowners, and federal agencies have the tools they need to conserve America's biodiversity and natural heritage."

https://edition.cnn.com/2021/09/29/us/extinct-animals-2021-list-scn-trnd/index.htm

According to the text, how many species of animals are on the verge of extinction?

A

Two dozen species.

B

23 species.

C

More than two dozen species.

D

22 species.

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Q1876960

Ano: 2021 Banca: AMEOSC Órgão: Prefeitura de Paraíso - SC Prova: AMEOSC - 2021 - Prefeitura de Paraíso - SC - Professor - Inglês - Edital nº 02 |

Q1876960 Inglês