Questões de Concurso
Sobre interpretação de texto | reading comprehension em inglês
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Read the text to answer.
Acid rain and… the facts
www.acidrain.org.ca / Oxford Children´s Encyclopedia
What causes acid rain?
Acid rain is caused by air pollution. When fossil fuels such as coal and oil are burned, two gases, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide, are released into the atmosphere. These two pollutants eventually react with the moisture in the air. When this polluted mixture falls onto the ground, it is called acid rain.
Rain measuring between 0 and 5 on the pH scale, is acidic therefore called ACID RAIN
Acid rain is harmful to the environment. It is hard to control because it may be blown by the wind, falling thousands of kilometers from where it was first formed. For example, much of the acid rain in Canada is caused by smoke from factories and power‐stations in the USA. The acid rain in Scandinavia may come from Britain.
What are the effects of acid rain?
Acid rain has many different effects. It has killed fish in the lakes of North America, Scandinavia, Scotland, and Wales. Vast areas of forest in northern and central Europe are dying because of it, while in many European cities statues and stone buildings are being eaten away by the acid. Acid rain corrodes metalwork such as steel bridges and railings; it also attacks some types of concrete. Even the water that we drink is slowly being polluted by acid rain.
What are the effects on trees and soil?
One of the most serious impacts of acid precipitation is on forests and soils. Great damage is done when sulphuric acid falls onto the earth as rain. Nutrients present in the soils are washed away. Aluminium also present in the soils is freed and this toxic element can be absorbed by the roots of trees. Thus, the trees starve to death because they have been deprived of their vital nutrients such as calcium and magnesium.
Acid rain is one of the most serious environmental problems of our time. It is a global problems that is gradually affecting our world.
How does acid rain effect lakes?
Lakes that have been acidified cannot support the same variety of life as healthy lakes. As a lake becomes more acidic, various types of fish disappear. Other effects of acidified lakes on fish include: decreased growth, inability to regulate their own body chemistry, reduced egg deposition, deformities in young fish and increased susceptibility to naturally occurring diseases.
Clean rain usually has a pH of 5.6. It is slightly acidic because of carbon dioxide which is naturally present in the atmosphere. Vinegar, by comparison, is very acidic and has a pH of 3.
What is pH?
This is a measure of how acidic or alkaline a substance is. (See a pH scale below). The initials pH stand for Potential of Hydrogen. Acids have pH values under 7, and alkalis have pH values over 7. If a substance has a pH value of 7. It is neutral‐neither acidic or alkaline.
Because the pH scale is logarithmic, a difference of one pH unit represents a tenfold, or ten times change. For example, the acidity of a sample with a pH of 5 is ten times greater than that of a sample with a pH of 6. A difference of 2 units, from 6 to 4, would mean that the acidity in one hundred times greater, and so on.
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US TO BUILD $120M RARE EARTH RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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US TO BUILD $120M RARE EARTH RESEARCH INSTITUTE
O casal de chineses sabe que, no futuro, terá de arcar com a compra de um apartamento para o filho, a
fim de que ele possa conseguir uma esposa.
Liu Jinghu e sua esposa costumam divertir-se apenas nos fins de semana, quando seu único filho,
Xiaojing, fica aos cuidados de amigos.
Read the text below and answer the following activity.
The Boy Who Lived
Mr. and Mrs. Dursley, of number four, Privet Drive, were proud to say that they were perfectly normal, thank you very much. They were the last people you'd expect to be involved in anything strange or mysterious, because they just didn't hold with such nonsense.
Mr. Dursley was the director of a firm called Grunnings, which made drills. He was a big, beefy man with hardly any neck, although he did have a very large mustache. Mrs. Dursley was thin and blonde and had nearly twice the usual amount of neck, which came in very useful as she spent so much of her time craning over garden fences, spying on the neighbors. The Dursleys had a small son called Dudley and in their opinion there was no finer boy anywhere.
The Dursleys had everything they wanted, but they also had a secret, and their greatest fear was that somebody would discover it. They didn't think they could bear it if anyone found out about the Potters. Mrs. Potter was Mrs. Dursley's sister, but they hadn't met for several years; in fact, Mrs. Dursley pretended she didn't have a sister, because her sister and her good-for-nothing husband were as unDursleyish as it was possible to be. The Dursleys shuddered to think what the neighbors would say if the Potters arrived in the street. The Dursleys knew that the Potters had a small son, too, but they had never even seen him. This boy was another good reason for keeping the Potters away; they didn't want Dudley mixing with a child like that.
(Extracted from Chapter One, Farry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone written by J.K.Rowling and published in 1997)
According to the text, which of the following information
is FALSE:
The American singer Beyoncé included in her song “Flawless” a sample from a speech given by the Nigerian writer Chimamanda Adichie entitled “We Should All Be Feminists”. Read the sample from the song and answer the following activity.
We teach girls to shrink themselves, to make themselves smaller. We say to girls, you can have ambition, but not too much. You should aim to be successful, but not too successful. Otherwise, you will threaten the man. Because I am female, I am expected to aspire to marriage. I am expected to make my life choices always keeping in mind that marriage is the most important. Now marriage can be a source of joy and love and mutual support but why do we teach girls to aspire to marriage and we don’t teach boys the same? We raise girls to see each other as competitors not for jobs or accomplishments, which I think can be a good thing, but for the attention of men. We teach girls that they cannot be sexual beings in the way that boys are. Feminist: the person who believes in the social, political and economic equality of the sexes.
( Excerpt from Flawless by Beyoncé feaaturing Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. Complete lyrics available at:<http://www.beyonce.com/track/>. Accessed in February 10,2016)
According to the excerpt, the song DOES NOT suggest
that:
Look at the picture and choose the correct alternative:
Find out the mistake in the picture and choose the correct alternative:
LARGEST AIRCRAFT IN THE WORLD
We have lift-off. The world's largest aircraft has taken to the skies for the first time.The Airlander 10 spent nearly two hours in the air, having taken off from Cardington Airfield in Bedfordshire. During its flight, it reached 3,000 feet (914 meters) and performed a series of gentle turns all over a safe area.
The aircraft is massive – as long as a football pitch and as tall as six double decker buses and capable of flying for up to five days. It was first developed for the US government as a long-rangesurveillance aircraft but was scrapped following cutbacks.
Each one cost 25 million pounds and can carry heavier loads than jumbo jets while also producing less noise and emitting less pollution. The makers, Hybrid Air Vehicles, believe it‟s the future of aircraft, and that one day we'll be using them to get places.
But we're a while away yet. The Airlander
will need to clock up 200 hours‟ flying time before
beingdeemed airworthy by aviation bodies. If it passes though, we can hope we'll all get some
extra leg room.
LARGEST AIRCRAFT IN THE WORLD
We have lift-off. The world's largest aircraft has taken to the skies for the first time.The Airlander 10 spent nearly two hours in the air, having taken off from Cardington Airfield in Bedfordshire. During its flight, it reached 3,000 feet (914 meters) and performed a series of gentle turns all over a safe area.
The aircraft is massive – as long as a football pitch and as tall as six double decker buses and capable of flying for up to five days. It was first developed for the US government as a long-rangesurveillance aircraft but was scrapped following cutbacks.
Each one cost 25 million pounds and can carry heavier loads than jumbo jets while also producing less noise and emitting less pollution. The makers, Hybrid Air Vehicles, believe it‟s the future of aircraft, and that one day we'll be using them to get places.
But we're a while away yet. The Airlander
will need to clock up 200 hours‟ flying time before
beingdeemed airworthy by aviation bodies. If it passes though, we can hope we'll all get some
extra leg room.
LARGEST AIRCRAFT IN THE WORLD
We have lift-off. The world's largest aircraft has taken to the skies for the first time.The Airlander 10 spent nearly two hours in the air, having taken off from Cardington Airfield in Bedfordshire. During its flight, it reached 3,000 feet (914 meters) and performed a series of gentle turns all over a safe area.
The aircraft is massive – as long as a football pitch and as tall as six double decker buses and capable of flying for up to five days. It was first developed for the US government as a long-rangesurveillance aircraft but was scrapped following cutbacks.
Each one cost 25 million pounds and can carry heavier loads than jumbo jets while also producing less noise and emitting less pollution. The makers, Hybrid Air Vehicles, believe it‟s the future of aircraft, and that one day we'll be using them to get places.
But we're a while away yet. The Airlander
will need to clock up 200 hours‟ flying time before
beingdeemed airworthy by aviation bodies. If it passes though, we can hope we'll all get some
extra leg room.
LARGEST AIRCRAFT IN THE WORLD
We have lift-off. The world's largest aircraft has taken to the skies for the first time.The Airlander 10 spent nearly two hours in the air, having taken off from Cardington Airfield in Bedfordshire. During its flight, it reached 3,000 feet (914 meters) and performed a series of gentle turns all over a safe area.
The aircraft is massive – as long as a football pitch and as tall as six double decker buses and capable of flying for up to five days. It was first developed for the US government as a long-rangesurveillance aircraft but was scrapped following cutbacks.
Each one cost 25 million pounds and can carry heavier loads than jumbo jets while also producing less noise and emitting less pollution. The makers, Hybrid Air Vehicles, believe it‟s the future of aircraft, and that one day we'll be using them to get places.
But we're a while away yet. The Airlander
will need to clock up 200 hours‟ flying time before
beingdeemed airworthy by aviation bodies. If it passes though, we can hope we'll all get some
extra leg room.
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