Questões de Concurso Sobre interpretação de texto | reading comprehension em inglês

Leia o texto a seguir e responda às questões 51, 52 e 53.

Romance and Reality

Military service is demanding and dangerous. As I write this, American soldiers serve in remote and hostile environments. For young leaders in today's Army, the war on terror constitutes a difficult and sometimes tragic reality.

Meanwhile, in the small classrooms of West Point, young cadets consider war through the eyes of Rudyard Kipling, Carl Sandburg, and John McCrae. During his or her plebe year, every West Point cadet takes a semester of English literature, reading and discussing poetry from Ovid to Owen, Spenser to Springsteen. Cadets must also recite poems from memory, a challenge that many graduates recall years later as one of their toughest hurdles.

Why, in an age of increasingly technical and complex warfare, would America's future combat leaders spend sixteen weeks studying the likes of irony, rhyme, and meter?

Poetry confronts cadets with new ideas that challenge their worldview. The West Point curriculum includes poetry, history, philosophy, politics, and law, because these subjects provide a universe of new ideas, different perspectives, competing values and conflicting emotions. In combat, our graduates face similar challenges: whether to fire at a sniper hiding in a mosque, or how to negotiate agreements between competing tribal leaders. Schoolbook solutions to these problems do not exist; combat leaders must rely on their own morality, their own creativity, their own convictions. In teaching cadets poetry, we teach them not what to think, but how to think.

Adapted from https://www.poetryfoundation.org/search?query=romance+and+reality.

Leia o texto a seguir e responda às questões 48, 49 e 50.

Cornelius Ryan, the Irish D-Day Reporter Who Re-Invented Journalism

The father of modern literary journalism is Cornelius Ryan, whose massive “I was there” coverage of D-Day and its aftermath led to two incredible books and movies, The Longest Day and A Bridge Too Far. He was an unlikely war correspondent.

Ryan was on a boat that ditched on Normandy Beach on June 6, 1944. He followed the Allied invasion attached to General Patton’s army. Years later he put together perhaps the best book about war ever written. It was exquisite writing and research, and as Michael Shapiro wrote in the Columbia Journalism Review in 2010, “it broke completely new ground”.

Shapiro wrote, “The book (The Longest Day) was a triumph, earning rave reviews and sales that, within a few years, would stretch into the tens of millions in eighteen different languages. I opened the book on the eve of a long weekend. I was hooked after a single page. Something was taking place in the telling of this story that transcended journalism.”

The book was written when Ryan placed an ad in several newspapers in 1957 which went, “June 6th, 1944: Were You There?” One thousand, one hundred, and fifty people wrote back. And of that group, he interviewed 172 alone or with his assistants. Out of that came a book that puts you at the heart of the greatest invasion of all time. You are there as the invasion forces first gain the beaches and the Germans, taken by surprise, fight back furiously.

Ryan died at just 54 from prostate cancer. On his gravestone in Connecticut is his name and one word: “Reporter.” No one has earned that title more. He deserves to be remembered.

Adapted from https://www.irishcentral.com/roots/history/cornelius-ryan-irish-dday-reporter.

Leia o texto a seguir e responda às questões 45, 46 e 47.

(Título omitido propositadamente)

Often when mentoring, in a one-to-one session, it will be clear that the mentee’s worst critic is the one they see very regularly – daily, in fact. Often when they are tired and stressed. Often when they are at a low point. It’s the one they look (1)________ the mirror.

I mean most of the time, the worst critic lives inside people’s head. It might be the criticism that you heard at school or college. It might be the voice of so-called friends. It might be a parent or guardian, sibling or perfect cousin. You can’t always shut those voices up. No matter how much you want to. You can, however, recognise that they are internal voices and cultivate a strategy to counteract them.

If you can have an internal critic, you can also have an internal cheerleader. One technique is to give yourself advice that you would give your best friend in that situation. If you’re worrying about not being good (2)________ something, what would you say to your best friend in that state? You’d probably tell them that it would be alright, they’ll sail through it, that you believe (3)________ them. If you can do it for your best friend, you can do it for yourself.

Adapted from https://www.campaignlive.co.uk/article.

Text CG1A2-II 

    The enormity of the global climate crisis is so vast that individual actions may seem meaningless: can installing LED lighting in my home or keeping my car tires inflated really help save the polar bears? 

    First coined by Portland, Oregon-based writer Emma Pattee, the climate shadow aims to paint a picture of the full sum of one’s choices — and the impact they have on the planet. 

    In an article she wrote in 2021, Pattee detailed her concept for measuring an individual’s impact: “Your climate shadow is a dark shape stretching out behind you. Everywhere you go, it goes too, tallying not just your air conditioning use and the gas mileage of your car, but also how you vote, how many children you choose to have, where you work, how you invest your money, how much you talk about climate change, and whether your words amplify urgency, apathy, or denial.” The larger the shadow — the greater an individual’s impact on doing good for the planet.

    In other words, rather than incentivizing purely individual actions, your climate shadow grows when those actions inspire others, knowingly or otherwise. 

Kieran Mulvaney. Climate shadow is what really matters.

National Geographic (adapted). 

Text 06 – Levels of Language (Variation). 

From: English Around the World (Cambridge Introductions to the English Language). P. 19 (topic 2.2) Kindle Book. At https://ler.amazon.com.br/?asin=B088TFZHRD&ref_=kwl_kr_iv_rec_1.