Questões de Concurso
Sobre sinônimos | synonyms em inglês
Foram encontradas 1.298 questões
Ano: 2023
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
UFABC
Prova:
VUNESP - 2023 - UFABC - Analista de Tecnologia da Informação |
Q2264357
Inglês
Texto associado
Design Languages
Just as spoken languages are the basis for our
conversations with people, so design languages are the
basis for our interactions with products and services. Spoken
languages consist of words and rules of grammar. By analogy,
design languages consist of design elements and guidelines
for their combination. People use spoken language to express
themselves. Product designers use design languages
to design expressive objects. When a designer uses a
design language to design a product, the resulting product
expresses what it is, what it does, how it is to be used, and
the experiences to which it has the potential to contribute.
When people use a design language to use a product, the
resulting experience of use is simple and straightforward. The
best design languages take the design of experience on step
further by making interactions between people and objects
pleasant and continuously meaningful. Design languages
play a very important role in the expression of the “unfolding
of meaning” of objects.
[Fonte: Usability, Paul S. Adler & Terry A. Winograd,
Oxford University Press, 1992, pg. 18]
Considerando a palavra straightforward presente no
texto apresentado, assinale a alternativa que expressa
adequadamente o seu significado nesse contexto.
Ano: 2007
Banca:
FCC
Órgão:
Câmara dos Deputados
Prova:
FCC - 2007 - Câmara dos Deputados - Analista Legislativo - Contador |
Q2257674
Inglês
Texto associado
E-9.025 Patient Advocacy for Change in Law and Policy
Physicians may participate in individual acts, grassroots
activities, or legally permissible collective action to advocate for
change, as provided for in the AMA’s Principles of Medical
Ethics. Whenever engaging in advocacy efforts, physicians ...12... ensure that the health of patients is not jeopardized and
that patient care is not compromised.
Formal unionization of physicians, and including
physicians-in-training, may tie physicians’ obligations to the
interests of workers who may not share physicians’ primary and
overriding commitment to patients and the public health.
Physicians should not form workplace alliances with those who
do not share these ethical priorities.
Strikes and other collective action may reduce access to
care, eliminate or delay necessary care, and interfere with
continuity of care. Each of these consequences raises ethical
concerns. Physicians should refrain from the use of the strike as
a bargaining tactic. In rare circumstances, individual or
grassroots actions, such as brief limitations of personal
availability, may be appropriate as a means of calling attention
to needed changes in patient care. Physicians are cautioned
that some actions may put them or their organizations at risk of
violating antitrust laws. Consultation with legal counsel is
advised.
Physicians and physicians-in-training should press for
needed reforms through the use of informational campaigns,
non-disruptive public demonstrations, lobbying and publicity
campaigns, and collective negotiation, or other options that do
not jeopardize the health of patients or compromise patient care.
(Adapted from
htpp://www.ama-assn.org/ama1/pub/upload/mm/38/a-05ceja.pdf)
Um sinônimo para not jeopardized, no texto, é
Ano: 2007
Banca:
FCC
Órgão:
Câmara dos Deputados
Prova:
FCC - 2007 - Câmara dos Deputados - Analista Legislativo - Informática Legislativa |
Q2256154
Inglês
Texto associado
States Push Online Fitness Programs
By RICK CALLAHAN
With obesity …22… across the nation, a growing number
of states like Indiana are launching online initiatives to combat
residents’ expanding waistlines. One such initiative is Indiana’s
“10 in 10 Challenge,” an online program that commits
participants to lose 10 pounds in 10 weeks. Proponents say
online programs reach a vast audience, are relatively cheap and
a quick way to let people know about upcoming fitness events
and local resources.
Action to curtail obesity is badly needed for Indiana,
which consistently ranks among the top 10 most obese states,
and is second, behind Kentucky, in the percentage of adults who
smoke, said Eric Neuburger, executive director of the
Governor’s Council on Physical Fitness and Sports.
Indiana is far from alone – it’s one of 17 states where at
least 25 percent of the population is obese, according to 2005
data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
In a report released in August by the Trust for America’s
Health, the public health advocacy group said research suggests
the nation would save $5.6 billion a year in costs associated with
treating heart disease if just one-tenth of Americans began
walking regularly.
Walking is one of the ideas behind Lighten Up Iowa, a
Web-based four-month program that’s driven by teams who
either track their minutes of activity, their weight-loss, or both.
Now in its sixth year, the Iowa program has been so successful
that 17 other states have modeled their own programs after it,
capitalizing on the Internet’s vast reach and ability to connect
people, helping them stay motivated, said the program’s
coordinator, Deborah Martinez. Its sponsor, the nonprofit Iowa
Sports Foundation, recently launched a national version, Lighten
Up America.
The federal health agency is trying to combat obesity
more broadly with programs in 28 states that encourage fitness
through efforts that include building sidewalks and walking trails,
said Robin Hamre, team leader of a national nutrition and
obesity prevention program at the CDC.
Hamre hopes Congress will fund the program for all 50
states. With obesity striking Americans of all backgrounds, and
surging in children, she said action is needed now.
“We’re seeing the same thing in all age groups and all
races. This is an equal opportunity epidemic,” she said.
(Adapted from
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wpdyn/content/article/2007/03/19/AR2007031900335.html)
Um sinônimo para badly, no texto, é
Ano: 2006
Banca:
FCC
Órgão:
BACEN
Prova:
FCC - 2006 - BACEN - Analista do Banco Central - Área 3 - Conhecimentos Específicos |
Q2254458
Inglês
Texto associado
Senate Passes Plan to Cut $35 Billion From Deficit
By Jonathan Weisman
Washington Post Staff Writer
Friday, November 4, 2005; A01
The Senate approved sweeping deficit-reduction
legislation last night that would save about $35 billion over the
next five years by cutting federal spending on prescription drugs,
agriculture supports and student loans, while clamping down on
fraud in the Medicaid program.
The measure would also open Alaska's Arctic National
Wildlife Refuge to oil drilling, a long-sought goal of the oil
industry that took a major step forward after years of political
struggle. A bipartisan effort to strip the drilling provision narrowly
failed.
The Senate bill, which passed 52 to 47, is the first in
nearly a decade to tackle the growth of entitlement spending, the
part of the federal budget that rises automatically based on set
formulas and population changes.
It would shave payments to some farmers by 2.5 percent,
while eliminating a major cotton support program and trimming
agriculture conservation spending. A proposal to limit payments
to rich farmers failed yesterday. The measure passed largely
along party lines, with only two Democrats voting for it and five
Republicans voting against it.
Yesterday's action is part of an effort by congressional
Republicans to demonstrate fiscal discipline after widespread
complaints of profligate spending on Capitol Hill. ....51.... many
Democrats and some moderate Republicans are concerned that
the effort may go too far, prominent Republicans in the Senate
and House said the cuts were necessary to slow the rate of
spending and control a deficit projected to total $314 billion by
the end of the fiscal year.
During a speech yesterday, former House majority leader
Tom Delay (R-Tex) repeatedly apologized for excessive
spending by Congress, including recent highway legislation that
was ....52.... with lawmakers’ pet projects. After noting that House
Republicans have voted to cut taxes every year since winning
the majority in 1994, DeLay acknowledged, “Our record on
spending has not been as consistent, ....53.... .”
(Adapted from washingtonpost.com)
No 3o
parágrafo, nearly pode ser substituído, sem alteração de sentido, por
Ano: 2023
Banca:
OBJETIVA
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Passo Fundo - RS
Prova:
OBJETIVA - 2023 - Prefeitura de Passo Fundo - RS - Professor – Inglês |
Q2248473
Inglês
Texto associado
What life in medieval Europe was really like
A time of innovation, philosophy, and legendary
works of art: the realities of the medieval period (500 to
1500 C.E.) in Europe may surprise you. Many know the years
before the Renaissance and _________________ that
followed as Europe’s “Dark Ages,” a time of backward,
slovenly, and brutal people who were technologically
primitive and hopelessly superstitious.
Sure, it would take until the 19th century for the
germ theory of disease to overtake the concept of humors
and “miasmas” that could damage human health. But the
___________ image of medieval people as slovenly,
unwashed, and lacking hygiene is false. In fact, both indoor
and outdoor bathing were beloved in Europe. People not
only made and used soap at home, but they frequented
bathhouses—some public, some private, some merely fronts
for brothels.
A myth persists that during the Middle Ages, the
unenlightened believed Earth was flat and worried that ships
might even fall off the planet’s edge. That’s patently false:
People knew the planet was a sphere as far back as ancient
Greece (12th to 9th centuries B.C.), and had relatively
complex astronomical and planetary ______________ by the
time Christopher Columbus made his voyage to the
Americas in 1492.
The so-called “Dark Ages” is a myth historians have
spent years trying to disprove. The myth seems to stem from
some authors’ use of “dark” to refer to everything from a
14th-century poet’s complaints about the quality of local
literature to a 17th-century historian’s failed attempt to find
historical sources from centuries earlier.
(Fonte: National Geographic — adaptado.)
The underlined word in "A fluffy cat curled up on the
cozy blanket.” can be substituted, without loss of meaning,
by:
Q2244804
Inglês
Texto associado
From the IPO to the First Trade: Is Underpricing Related to the
Trading Mechanism?
Sonia Falconieri, Albert Murphy and Daniel Weaver
As documented by a vast empirical literature, IPOs are
characterized by underpricing. Most of the theoretical literature
has linked the size of underpricing to the IPO procedure used on
the primary market. In this paper, by using a matched sample of
NYSE and Nasdaq IPOs, we show that the size of underpricing
also depends on the trading method used in the IPO
aftermarket.
There are two major methods of opening trading of initial
public offerings (IPOs) in the U.S. The NYSE is an order-driven
market ...56... a call auction allows supply and demand to be
aggregated (at one location) prior to the start of trading. ...57... ,
Nasdaq is a quote-driven market. Dealers can only specify their
best quotes, and participants have ...58... idea of supply and
demand away from the inside quotes.
We propose a new proxy for ex ante uncertainty of firm
value and test it. Our results show that there is a larger level of
uncertainty at the beginning of trading on Nasdaq than on the
NYSE. This in turn is associated with larger levels of
underpricing for Nasdaq IPOs. We suggest that this may be due
to the different informational efficiency of the two trading
systems.
(http://www.nyse.com/marketinfo/p1020656068262.html?displayPage=%
2Fmarketinfo%2Fmarketinfo.html)
In the text, an adequate synonym for prior to is
Ano: 2023
Banca:
OBJETIVA
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Pinto Bandeira - RS
Prova:
OBJETIVA - 2023 - Prefeitura de Pinto Bandeira - RS - Professor (Letras/Inglês) |
Q2243143
Inglês
Texto associado
The intrigue behind the Bermuda Triangle
On a sunny day nearly 80 years ago, five Navy
planes took off from their base in Florida on a _________
training mission, known as Flight 19. Neither the planes nor
the crew were ever seen again. Thus was a legend born. The
Bermuda Triangle is an area roughly bounded by Miami,
Bermuda, and Puerto Rico. No one keeps statistics, but in
the last century, numerous ships and planes have simply
vanished without a trace within the imaginary triangle.
The disappearances have been attributed to the machinations of enormous sea monsters, giant squid, or extra-terrestrials. Alien abductions, the existence of a mysterious third dimension created by unknown beings, and ocean flatulence—the ocean suddenly spewing great quantities of trapped methane—have all been suggested as culprits.
The reality, say many, is far more prosaic. They argue that a sometimes treacherous Mother Nature, human error, shoddy __________________ or design, and just plain bad luck can explain the many disappearances.
"The region is highly traveled and has been a busy crossroads since the early days of European exploration," said John Reilly, a historian with the U.S. Naval Historical Foundation. "To say quite a few ships and airplanes have gone down there is like saying there are an ________ lot of car accidents on the New Jersey Turnpike—surprise, surprise."
(Fonte: National Geographic. — adaptado.)
The underlined word in the 3rd paragraph can be
replaced, without loss of meaning, by:
Q2241608
Inglês
Texto associado
The hard cell
Thanks to politics, stem cell research in the United States is
suffering. But not so in Sweden, which is poised to capture what
could be the biggest new market to hit biotech in a decade.
By Stephan Herrera
February 13, 2003
New York, January 1, 2006:
Sweden announces that one of its biotechnology companies is the first in
the world to enter clinical trials with a new drug that could cure
Alzheimer's disease. Four years ago this type of research was all but
stopped in the United States by political and ethical questions − which is
....58.... Sweden now seems in the best position to capture a $25 billion
market.
Any day now, the U.S. Congress is expected to pass a
sweeping new law that could dramatically inhibit researchers
from working with stem cells taken from human embryos. Such
cells, which can be used to grow a whole host of new cells and
organs, could fundamentally change the way we treat heretofore
intractable maladies like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's
disease, cancer, stroke, liver failure, and heart disease. The only
problem is that these cells by definition are derived from human
embryos, many of which are cloned or come from unused
fetuses collected at fertility clinics. The argument, from a certain
segment of the American political spectrum, is that ....59.... methods are morally wrong. They are ....60.... a form of abortion or
an activity that could eventually lead to human cloning.
Those working in stem cell research say the short-term
effect of the legislation will be to further chill all forms of scientific
inquiry and commercialization efforts in the field. Entrepreneurs
and investors are already eschewing such research − in large
part because of the additional uncertainty and risk that politics
introduce.
Of the nearly 50 private stem cell companies in the
United States, only a handful are still viable. Meanwhile, across
the Atlantic, Sweden has avoided many of the political and ethical quagmires surrounding this type of research. It currently
has 40 private stem cell companies, a number that's growing.
Sweden's leading research universities have 32 percent of the
world's stem cell inventory, close on the heels of the United
States' 35 percent.
Sweden, say analysts, is now in the best position to
capture a worldwide market for drugs based on stem cell
therapies that could grow to $25 billion in the next three to five
years − nearly equal to the whole biotech industry at present.
This estimate doesn't even address the market for stem cells
capable of repairing damaged vital organs like the brain, heart,
and kidneys. If the United States offers an object lesson of what
can happen when scientific inquiry and investment capital fall
victim to politics, Sweden and its leading stem cell startup,
NeuroNova, offer the opposite example. How odd that the
United States, which for generations has been the envy of the
world for its progressive views of science and commercialization,
should now have a biomedical climate chillier than a Swedish
winter.
One company feeling a lot of pain is StemCells, which at
first glance seems to have it all: founding scientists include
Stanford's Dr. Weissman and Fred Gage of the Salk Institute in
La Jolla, California. An equally well-regarded expert in the
treatment of Alzheimer's, Dr. Gage spent five years in Sweden
as a researcher and now sits on a national committee on stem
cell research there. The firm's chairman is Roger Perlmutter,
Amgen's head of research.
Yet over the past two years, none of management's
efforts to help investors and even critics reconsider the stem cell
field have worked. At press time, the stock was thinly traded and
sitting in the neighborhood of 50 cents. With less than $15
million in cash, the company likely won't exist at this time next year. (CEO Martin McGlynn, who joined the firm in January
2001, would not talk to Red Herring, despite repeated efforts.)
Some observers on Wall Street are asking, If StemCells
can't make it, who can? Geron, the only other publicly held stem
cell firm to speak of, is in a fix, too. The company's stock price is
also moribund, at $3.85 per share. Thanks to some capital
infusions a few years ago, when money came easy, Geron still
has $40 million on hand, but by the end of next year, that too will
likely be gone. Once a media darling, Geron focuses on
diagnostic tests and drugs derived from stem cells, a strategy
that's not going well. For the nine months ended last September,
revenue fell 68 percent to $955,000 and net loss widened 18
percent to $26.7 million. The company's financials were also hit
hard after it terminated an agreement with Pharmacia and
acquired research technology from Lynx Therapeutics, which
Geron bought in a desperate attempt to be seen as something
more than just a stem cell company.
The situation is quite different, however, for Sweden's
NeuroNova, which has 30 academic partners and a staff of 20.
NeuroNova is working on ways to inject stem cells into the
human brain to trigger a process called neurogenesis (the
growth of new neural cells), which could combat diseases like
Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and even schizophrenia.
If NeuroNova is the first to develop a drug capable of
treating one of several central nervous system disorders − by far
the most lucrative after heart disease products − it will have
done so not because it raised more money or got more media
buzz than the rest. It will have succeeded because the science
is solid, and academe, government, and the investment
community are supportive. Meanwhile, the United States will
look on with envy and wonder how it, a country known for its
entrepreneurial innovation, ever got so short-sighted.
(Adapted from
http://www.redherring.com/investor/2003/02/biotech021303.html)
A synonym for odd would be:
Q2241605
Inglês
Texto associado
The hard cell
Thanks to politics, stem cell research in the United States is
suffering. But not so in Sweden, which is poised to capture what
could be the biggest new market to hit biotech in a decade.
By Stephan Herrera
February 13, 2003
New York, January 1, 2006:
Sweden announces that one of its biotechnology companies is the first in
the world to enter clinical trials with a new drug that could cure
Alzheimer's disease. Four years ago this type of research was all but
stopped in the United States by political and ethical questions − which is
....58.... Sweden now seems in the best position to capture a $25 billion
market.
Any day now, the U.S. Congress is expected to pass a
sweeping new law that could dramatically inhibit researchers
from working with stem cells taken from human embryos. Such
cells, which can be used to grow a whole host of new cells and
organs, could fundamentally change the way we treat heretofore
intractable maladies like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's
disease, cancer, stroke, liver failure, and heart disease. The only
problem is that these cells by definition are derived from human
embryos, many of which are cloned or come from unused
fetuses collected at fertility clinics. The argument, from a certain
segment of the American political spectrum, is that ....59.... methods are morally wrong. They are ....60.... a form of abortion or
an activity that could eventually lead to human cloning.
Those working in stem cell research say the short-term
effect of the legislation will be to further chill all forms of scientific
inquiry and commercialization efforts in the field. Entrepreneurs
and investors are already eschewing such research − in large
part because of the additional uncertainty and risk that politics
introduce.
Of the nearly 50 private stem cell companies in the
United States, only a handful are still viable. Meanwhile, across
the Atlantic, Sweden has avoided many of the political and ethical quagmires surrounding this type of research. It currently
has 40 private stem cell companies, a number that's growing.
Sweden's leading research universities have 32 percent of the
world's stem cell inventory, close on the heels of the United
States' 35 percent.
Sweden, say analysts, is now in the best position to
capture a worldwide market for drugs based on stem cell
therapies that could grow to $25 billion in the next three to five
years − nearly equal to the whole biotech industry at present.
This estimate doesn't even address the market for stem cells
capable of repairing damaged vital organs like the brain, heart,
and kidneys. If the United States offers an object lesson of what
can happen when scientific inquiry and investment capital fall
victim to politics, Sweden and its leading stem cell startup,
NeuroNova, offer the opposite example. How odd that the
United States, which for generations has been the envy of the
world for its progressive views of science and commercialization,
should now have a biomedical climate chillier than a Swedish
winter.
One company feeling a lot of pain is StemCells, which at
first glance seems to have it all: founding scientists include
Stanford's Dr. Weissman and Fred Gage of the Salk Institute in
La Jolla, California. An equally well-regarded expert in the
treatment of Alzheimer's, Dr. Gage spent five years in Sweden
as a researcher and now sits on a national committee on stem
cell research there. The firm's chairman is Roger Perlmutter,
Amgen's head of research.
Yet over the past two years, none of management's
efforts to help investors and even critics reconsider the stem cell
field have worked. At press time, the stock was thinly traded and
sitting in the neighborhood of 50 cents. With less than $15
million in cash, the company likely won't exist at this time next year. (CEO Martin McGlynn, who joined the firm in January
2001, would not talk to Red Herring, despite repeated efforts.)
Some observers on Wall Street are asking, If StemCells
can't make it, who can? Geron, the only other publicly held stem
cell firm to speak of, is in a fix, too. The company's stock price is
also moribund, at $3.85 per share. Thanks to some capital
infusions a few years ago, when money came easy, Geron still
has $40 million on hand, but by the end of next year, that too will
likely be gone. Once a media darling, Geron focuses on
diagnostic tests and drugs derived from stem cells, a strategy
that's not going well. For the nine months ended last September,
revenue fell 68 percent to $955,000 and net loss widened 18
percent to $26.7 million. The company's financials were also hit
hard after it terminated an agreement with Pharmacia and
acquired research technology from Lynx Therapeutics, which
Geron bought in a desperate attempt to be seen as something
more than just a stem cell company.
The situation is quite different, however, for Sweden's
NeuroNova, which has 30 academic partners and a staff of 20.
NeuroNova is working on ways to inject stem cells into the
human brain to trigger a process called neurogenesis (the
growth of new neural cells), which could combat diseases like
Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and even schizophrenia.
If NeuroNova is the first to develop a drug capable of
treating one of several central nervous system disorders − by far
the most lucrative after heart disease products − it will have
done so not because it raised more money or got more media
buzz than the rest. It will have succeeded because the science
is solid, and academe, government, and the investment
community are supportive. Meanwhile, the United States will
look on with envy and wonder how it, a country known for its
entrepreneurial innovation, ever got so short-sighted.
(Adapted from
http://www.redherring.com/investor/2003/02/biotech021303.html)
Para responder à questão, assinale, na folha de respostas, a letra correspondente a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna do texto apresentado (....60....).
Q2241599
Inglês
Texto associado
From the IPO to the First Trade: Is Underpricing Related to the
Trading Mechanism?
Sonia Falconieri, Albert Murphy and Daniel Weaver
As documented by a vast empirical literature, IPOs are
characterized by underpricing. Most of the theoretical literature
has linked the size of underpricing to the IPO procedure used on
the primary market. In this paper, by using a matched sample of
NYSE and Nasdaq IPOs, we show that the size of underpricing
also depends on the trading method used in the IPO
aftermarket.
There are two major methods of opening trading of initial
public offerings (IPOs) in the U.S. The NYSE is an order-driven
market ....51.... a call auction allows supply and demand to be
aggregated (at one location) prior to the start of trading. ....52.... ,
Nasdaq is a quote-driven market. Dealers can only specify their
best quotes, and participants have ....53.... idea of supply and
demand away from the inside quotes.
We propose a new proxy for ex ante uncertainty of firm
value and test it. Our results show that there is a larger level of
uncertainty at the beginning of trading on Nasdaq than on the
NYSE. This in turn is associated with larger levels of
underpricing for Nasdaq IPOs. We suggest that this may be due
to the different informational efficiency of the two trading
systems.
(http://www.nyse.com/marketinfo/p1020656068262.html?displayPage=%
2Fmarketinfo%2Fmarketinfo.html)
In the text, an adequate synonym for major is
Ano: 2008
Banca:
NCE-UFRJ
Órgão:
CVM
Provas:
NCE-UFRJ - 2008 - CVM - Inspetor
|
NCE-UFRJ - 2008 - CVM - Analista - Arquivologia |
NCE-UFRJ - 2008 - CVM - Analista - Normas Contábeis e Auditoria |
Q2240992
Inglês
Texto associado
Obama gets first taste of Oval Office
By Andrew Ward in Washington
Published: November 10 2008 18:29 | Last updated:
November 10 2008 18:29
(1) Barack Obama stepped inside the Oval Office for the first
time on Monday during a visit to the White House for talks
with George W. Bush, outgoing president. It has long been a
tradition for the president to invite his successor to the White
House before leaving office, but this year’s meeting promised
to be more substantive than usual given the urgent economic
challenges awaiting the new administration.
(2) Dana Perino, White House press secretary, refused to be
drawn on the agenda, but it was widely assumed the financial
crisis and broader economic malaise would be a central focus.
(3) The topics One likely issue for discussion are likely to include
the terms for a proposed second economic stimulus package that
Mr Obama has urged Congress to pass before he takes office.
(4) Mr Bush has signalled his willingness to consider
another stimulus – on top of the $150bn (•118bn, £96bn) of
tax relief earlier this year – to shore up the economy.
(5) But Bush officials say the president wants the
Democratic-controlled Congress to drop its opposition to
the proposed US free trade deal with Colombia in return for
him approving further stimulus measures.
Rahm Emanuel, appointed last week as Mr Obama’s chief of
staff, indicated on Sunday that his new boss would resist
any attempt by Mr Bush to force through the Colombia deal.
(6) In another potential flashpoint between the president and
president-elect, Mr Emanuel also voiced support for
Democratic efforts to extend government support to the ailing
US car industry in spite of resistance from the White House.
(7) Despite the potential for conflict, both Mr Bush and Mr Obama
have stressed their willingness to work together in a bipartisan
fashion during the transition phase since the latter beat John
McCain, the Republican candidate, in last week’s election.
(8) Looking ahead to yesterday’s meeting, Mr Obama said:
“I’m going to go in there with a spirit of bipartisanship, and
a sense that both the president and various leaders of
Congress all recognise the severity of the situation right
now and want to get stuff done.”
(9) Mr Obama harshly attacked Mr Bush and his “failed”
policies throughout the campaign, but the president has
shown no signs of taking the criticism to heart.
(10) In his statement after the election, Mr Bush lauded Mr
Obama’s win as “a triumph of the American story, a testament
to hard work, optimism and faith in the enduring promise of
our nation”.
(11) Mr Obama has visited the White House in the past, but
on Monday marked his first time inside the oval-shaped
office that he will inherit in just over two months.
(12) The two men were expected to meet alone, allowing a candid
discussion about the demands of the job and the pressing issues
Mr Obama will face when he takes office on January 20.
(13) The meeting came as aides to Mr Obama made clear the
president-elect was planning to move swiftly to revoke a
series of Bush administration policies once in office.
(14) “There’s a lot that the president can do using his executive
authority without waiting for congressional action,” said John
Podesta, co-chair of the Obama transition team. “I think he
feels like he has a real mandate for change. We need to get off
the course that the Bush administration has set.”
Choose the option that contains a correct correspondence:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
FUNDATEC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Harmonia - RS
Prova:
FUNDATEC - 2023 - Prefeitura de Harmonia - RS - Professor de Inglês |
Q2240733
Inglês
Which option best fills out the gap in line 14?
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
MPE-RO
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - MPE-RO - Analista de Suporte Computacional |
Q2239812
Inglês
Texto associado
Text 2A7
Artificial intelligence (AI) is arguably the most rapidly advancing technology humans have ever developed. A year ago, you
wouldn’t often hear AI come up in a regular conversation, but today it seems there’s constant talk about how generative AI tools like
ChatGPT and DALL-E will affect the future of work, the spread of information, and more. A major question that has thus far been
almost entirely unexamined is how this AI-dominated future will affect people’s minds.
There’s been some research into how using AI in their jobs will affect people mentally, but there isn’t yet an understanding of
how simply living amongst so much AI-generated content and systems will affect people’s sense of the world. How is AI going to
change individuals and society in the not-too-distant future?
AI will obviously make it easier to produce disinformation. That will affect people’s sense of trust as they’re scrolling on
social media. AI can also allow someone to imitate your loved ones, which further erodes people’s general ability to trust what was
once unquestionable.
Internet: < wired,com > (adapted).
In the context of text 2A7-I, the word “ amongst ” could be correctly replaced by
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
MPE-RO
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - MPE-RO - Analista Programador |
Q2239463
Inglês
Texto associado
Text 2A7
Artificial intelligence (AI) is arguably the most rapidly
advancing technology humans have ever developed. A year ago,
you wouldn’t often hear AI come up in a regular conversation,
but today it seems there’s constant talk about how generative AI
tools like ChatGPT and DALL-E will affect the future of work,
the spread of information, and more. A major question that has
thus far been almost entirely unexamined is how this
AI-dominated future will affect people’s minds.
There’s been some research into how using AI in their
jobs will affect people mentally, but there isn’t yet an
understanding of how simply living amongst so much
AI-generated content and systems will affect people’s sense of
the world. How is AI going to change individuals and society in
the not-too-distant future?
AI will obviously make it easier to produce
disinformation. That will affect people’s sense of trust as they’re
scrolling on social media. AI can also allow someone to imitate
your loved ones, which further erodes people’s general ability to
trust what was once unquestionable.
Internet: <wired.com> adapted).
In the first paragraph of text 2A7, “thus far” means the same as
Ano: 2023
Banca:
FGV
Órgão:
Banco do Brasil
Prova:
FGV - 2023 - Banco do Brasil - Analista Tecnológico |
Q2234102
Inglês
Texto associado
Read Text I and answer the question.
Text I
Why We're Obsessed With the Mind-Blowing ChatGPT AI Chatbot
Stephen Shankland
Feb. 19, 2023 5:00 a.m. PT
This artificial intelligence bot can answer questions, write essays, summarize documents and write software. But deep down, it doesn't know what's true.
Even if you aren't into artificial intelligence, it's time to pay attention to ChatGPT, because this one is a big deal.
The tool, from a power player in artificial intelligence called OpenAI, lets you type natural-language prompts. ChatGPT then offers conversational, if somewhat stilted, responses. The bot remembers the thread of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. It derives its answers from huge volumes of information on the internet.
ChatGPT is a big deal. The tool seems pretty knowledgeable in areas where there's good training data for it to learn from. It's not omniscient or smart enough to replace all humans yet, but it can be creative, and its answers can sound downright authoritative. A few days after its launch, more than a million people were trying out ChatGPT.
But be careful, OpenAI warns. ChatGPT has all kinds of potential pitfalls, some easy to spot and some more subtle.
“It's a mistake to be relying on it for anything important right now,” OpenAI Chief Executive Sam Altman tweeted. “We have lots of work to do on robustness and truthfulness.” […]
What is ChatGPT?
ChatGPT is an AI chatbot system that OpenAI released in November to show off and test what a very large, powerful AI system can accomplish. You can ask it countless questions and often will get an answer that's useful.
For example, you can ask it encyclopedia questions like, “Explain Newton's laws of motion.” You can tell it, "Write me a poem," and when it does, say, "Now make it more exciting." You ask it to write a computer program that'll show you all the different ways you can arrange the letters of a word.
Here's the catch: ChatGPT doesn't exactly know anything. It's an AI that's trained to recognize patterns in vast swaths of text harvested from the internet, then further trained with human assistance to deliver more useful, better dialog. The answers you get may sound plausible and even authoritative, but they might well be entirely wrong, as OpenAI warns.
Adapted from: https://www.cnet.com/tech/computing/why-were-all-obsessedwith-the-mind-blowing-chatgpt-ai-chatbot/
The word yet in It's not omniscient or smart enough to replace all
humans yet is similar in meaning to
Ano: 2023
Banca:
FGV
Órgão:
Banco do Brasil
Prova:
FGV - 2023 - Banco do Brasil - Analista Tecnológico |
Q2234101
Inglês
Texto associado
Read Text I and answer the question.
Text I
Why We're Obsessed With the Mind-Blowing ChatGPT AI Chatbot
Stephen Shankland
Feb. 19, 2023 5:00 a.m. PT
This artificial intelligence bot can answer questions, write essays, summarize documents and write software. But deep down, it doesn't know what's true.
Even if you aren't into artificial intelligence, it's time to pay attention to ChatGPT, because this one is a big deal.
The tool, from a power player in artificial intelligence called OpenAI, lets you type natural-language prompts. ChatGPT then offers conversational, if somewhat stilted, responses. The bot remembers the thread of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. It derives its answers from huge volumes of information on the internet.
ChatGPT is a big deal. The tool seems pretty knowledgeable in areas where there's good training data for it to learn from. It's not omniscient or smart enough to replace all humans yet, but it can be creative, and its answers can sound downright authoritative. A few days after its launch, more than a million people were trying out ChatGPT.
But be careful, OpenAI warns. ChatGPT has all kinds of potential pitfalls, some easy to spot and some more subtle.
“It's a mistake to be relying on it for anything important right now,” OpenAI Chief Executive Sam Altman tweeted. “We have lots of work to do on robustness and truthfulness.” […]
What is ChatGPT?
ChatGPT is an AI chatbot system that OpenAI released in November to show off and test what a very large, powerful AI system can accomplish. You can ask it countless questions and often will get an answer that's useful.
For example, you can ask it encyclopedia questions like, “Explain Newton's laws of motion.” You can tell it, "Write me a poem," and when it does, say, "Now make it more exciting." You ask it to write a computer program that'll show you all the different ways you can arrange the letters of a word.
Here's the catch: ChatGPT doesn't exactly know anything. It's an AI that's trained to recognize patterns in vast swaths of text harvested from the internet, then further trained with human assistance to deliver more useful, better dialog. The answers you get may sound plausible and even authoritative, but they might well be entirely wrong, as OpenAI warns.
Adapted from: https://www.cnet.com/tech/computing/why-were-all-obsessedwith-the-mind-blowing-chatgpt-ai-chatbot/
The word pretty in The tool seems pretty knowledgeable indicates
Ano: 2023
Banca:
AMEOSC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Palma Sola - SC
Prova:
AMEOSC - 2023 - Prefeitura de Palma Sola - SC - Professor de Inglês (Licenciatura) |
Q2232327
Inglês
Texto associado
DIET COKE BREAK? Should you stop drinking Diet Coke? All you need to know about the aspartame scandal affecting more than just soda
(1º§)The ingredient aspartame, which gives the drink its sweet touch, is about to be designated as "possibly carcinogenic" by the World Health Organisation, insiders claimed this week. Aspartame is found in a variety of foods and fizzy drinks, including Diet Coke and in the EU, as for all food additives, the presence of aspartame must be indicated on the label either by its name or its E number (E951).
(2º§)Diet Coke has been made popular over the years by deals with celebs including Whitney Houston, Kate Moss, Taylor Swift and even Holly Willoughby. But the argument over whether sugar or sweeteners is better for your health has raged for years and is one of the most debated topics in nutritional science.
(3º§)WHAT'S THE DEAL? Aspartame is a sweetener that's been used for over 30 years in thousands of products to add sweetness to lower calorie and sugar-free products, including drinks, cereal bars and yoghurts.
(4º§)WHY THE FUSS? This week it emerged that the International Agency for Research on Cancer, an arm of the WHO, could declare aspartame a class 2B carcinogen. That means they deem it "possibly carcinogenic to humans". Other products that fall into this category include aloe vera extract, lead and Asian pickled vegetables. There is no denying it is complicated. Here, we take a look at aspartame, its potential dangers and whether or not you should be going cold-turkey on the popular drink. Gunter Kuhnle, professor of nutrition and food science at the University of Reading, tells The Sun: "Aspartame turns into methanol and phenylalanine in the intestinal tract. "Methanol is converted into formaldehyde by the human body, and formaldehyde is a known carcinogen. "This is at least one of the possible mechanisms."
(5º§)WHAT DOES THE SCIENCE SAY? Whether or not sweeteners are linked to cancer has long been studied. One of the most recent studies of 100,000 people in France - showed those who consumed larger quantities of artificial sweeteners, including aspartame, had a slightly higher cancer risk. But Dr Caitlin Hall, chief dietitian and head of clinical research at myota, tells The Sun: "There is some controversy surrounding these studies. "The French study could not prove definitively that aspartame caused the increased cancer risk. More research is needed."
(6º§)WHAT OF OTHER HEALTH RISKS? Only last month, the WHO issued guidelines advising people not to drink sweeteners if they want to lose weight. It said although short-term weight loss may occur, there could be "undesirable effects" in the long term, such as an increased risk of heart disease and type 2 diabetes. Dr Hall says the chemicals produced by sweeteners have been found to "disrupt the delicate balance of bacteria in our gut microbiome" which do "all sorts of amazing things, like strengthening our immune system and keeping our metabolism in check". Registered dietitian Aisling Pigott, a British Dietetic Association spokesperson, says if you're eating "diet" foods to help lose weight, "it's worth making sure these are not displacing fruit, veggies and fibre rich foods too". Other studies have suggested sweeteners could affect male and female fertility, by decreasing sperm motility and affecting the ovaries. Meanwhile people with a rare inherited disease, called phenylketonuria (PKU) cannot safely consume aspartame.
(7º§)SO, SHOULD YOU QUIT DIET COKE NOW? The general consensus is that there is no need to worry. Prof Jones says: "The question is not, 'Does aspartame cause cancer or not,' but 'Does it do so at the level we are exposed to it?' The answer, I think, is no. "Think of it a bit like driving a car; the hazard is that you might get in an accident and be hurt or die but the risk is low enough that most of us don't think it will be an issue." Prof Oliver Jones, professor of chemistry at RMIT University in Melbourne, Australia, adds: "The amounts of methanol released are lower than found in orange juice, so unlikely an issue."
(8º§)WHAT'S THE RISK? Health experts across the globe have ruled aspartame is safe to consume, if you stick to accepted daily limits. The average Brit could guzzle 15 cans of Diet Coke in a day before exceeding the 40 milligrams of aspartame per kilogram of body weight threshold. In 2013, the European Food Safety Authority, looked at how much formaldehyde is produced from consuming aspartame and had little concern "as the amount was too low", Prof Kuhnle says. "They do not comment on whether higher intakes will cause harm. It is possible that aspartame causes cancer when consumed in amounts much higher than normally consumed." The IARC will review the evidence to determine whether or not to classify aspartame as a hazard. Statistics expert, Prof Kevin McConway from the Open University says: "They assess whether it would ever be capable of presenting a risk, under any circumstances. "Even if the only harmful circumstances are really, really unlikely." Prof Kuhnle adds: "Many things are carcinogens, but in many cases, the exposure to them is too low for this to matter. "The sun can cause cancer, but we can manage the risk." Frances Hunt-Wood, from the International Sweeteners Association, adds: "Aspartame is one of the most thoroughly researched ingredients in history with over 90 food safety agencies across the globe declaring it is safe." Rick Mumford, the deputy chief scientific adviser to the UK's Food Standards Agency, says: "Our view is that the safety of this sweetener has been evaluated by various scientific committees and it is considered safe at current permitted use levels."
https://www.thesun.co.uk/health/22888001/shouldyou-stop-drinking-diet-coke-about-aspartame/
Mark the alternative that does have a synonym to the
word "hazard" (8º§).
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESGRANRIO
Órgão:
Banco do Brasil
Prova:
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Banco do Brasil - Agente Comercial - Prova B |
Q2217633
Inglês
Texto associado
Available at: https://www.idfcfirstbank.com/finfirst-blogs/beyond-
-banking/what-is-the-impact-of-it-on-the-banking-sector. Retrieved
on: Dec. 9, 2022. Adapted.
In the fragment in the seventh paragraph of the text, “have
all increased considerably, indicating an essential shift
in the customers’ preferences” the word in bold can be
replaced, without any change in meaning, by:
Ano: 2018
Banca:
FUMARC
Órgão:
CEMIG - MG
Prova:
FUMARC - 2018 - CEMIG - MG - Técnico de Segurança do Trabalho I |
Q2216592
Inglês
Texto associado
PROVA DE INGLÊS INTERMEDIÁRIO
READ THE FOLLOWING TEXT AND CHOOSE THE OPTION WHICH BEST
COMPLETES EACH QUESTION ACCORDING TO IT:
Saving Energy
Just a century ago, humans used very little energy because we had less of the
things that consume it. There were no computers, phones, TV, cars, lights, washing
machines and all that. After the industrial revolution, people started using a lot more
manufactured items such as electronics, automobiles, and home appliances. These
items use a lot of energy, but if we all cut its use by half, that would be huge savings,
and make a great difference.
Saving energy can be achieved in different ways: 1. Energy conservation, 2. Energy
Efficiency, and 3. Recycling. These first two are not the same, even though people
often use them to mean the same thing.
1- Energy Conservation: This is the practice that results in less energy being
used. For instance, turning the taps, computers, lights, and TV off when not in use.
It also includes running in the park or outside instead of running on the treadmill in
the gym. Energy conservation is great because we can all do this everywhere and
anytime. It is a fundamental behavior we must acquire.
2- Energy Efficiency: This is the use of manufacturing techniques and technology
_______ produce things that use less energy for the same result. For example, if a
heater is designed to warm your home with less energy than regular heaters, that
would be an energy efficient heater. If your washing machine uses less energy to
do the same job as other washers, that is an energy efficient washer. An interesting
fact is that homes built in the U.S. after 2000 are about 30% bigger, but they use
less energy than older homes.
3- Recycling: This involves the use of waste or old materials to make new ones,
like collecting all old newspapers from the town at the end of every day and turning
the papers into fresh paper for printing again. We can collect all plastic bottles and
send them to be used for new plastic bottles or used for children plastic toys. Recycling saves energy __________ less energy is used to recycle than to turn new
raw materials into new products.
This means that to save energy, we should use all these great ways. If we all try to
do this, together we can save some money and use less natural resources too.
(Adapted from: https://goo.gl/AyZdzW. Access: 01/30/2018)
The word huge in “that would be huge savings” (paragraph 1) can be substituted
by the word
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
SME do Recife - PE
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - SME do Recife - PE - Professor II - Disciplina: Língua Inglesa |
Q2215004
Inglês
Texto associado
As new technologies take on increasingly humanlike
qualities, there’s been a push to make them genderless. Apple’s
Siri digital assistant unveiled a gender-neutral option last year,
and when asked about their gender identities, the AI chatbots
ChatGPT and Google Bard each reply, “I do not have a gender.”
There have been concerns over gendering technology,
since doing so reinforces societal stereotypes. That happens
because the stereotypes commonly associated with men, such as
competitiveness and dominance, are more valued than those
associated with women. That is likely true, says Ashley Martin, a
professor at Stanford University. “People are stereotyping their
gendered objects in very traditional ways,” she says.
Removing gender from the picture altogether seems like a
simple way to fix this. Yet, as Martin has found in her latest
research, conducted with Malia Mason, of Columbia Universty,
gender is one of the fundamental ways people form connections
with objects, particularly those designed to evoke human
characteristics.
Throughout the experiments, Martin and Mason found
that gender increased users’ feelings of attachment to devices
such as digital voice assistants –– and their interest in purchasing
them. For example, participants said they would be less likely to
buy a genderless voice assistant than versions with male or
female voices.
Hope Reese. Is That Self-Driving Car a Boy or a Girl?
In: Insights by Stanford Business.
Internet:<http://www.gsb.stanford.edu/> (adapted)
Judge the following item, related to the vocabulary and to the grammar in the precedent text.
In the first paragraph, the word “humanlike” can be correctly
replaced by humane without this changing the meaning
relations in the paragraph.
Conheça nossos planos