Questões de Concurso Sobre vocabulário | vocabulary em inglês

Foram encontradas 2.161 questões

Q2188975 Inglês
In teachers’ training programs, many methods and approaches are presented, among them, the audio-lingual method that grew into prominence in the 1950s in the USA. During the Second World War, US officials felt the need for translators and interpreters who were fluent in major foreign languages. In 1942, a special training program was organized to train fluent foreign speakers in a short time which is why this method is also referred to as the Army Method. According to the discouraged audio-lingual method, it is NOT CORRECT to say that: 
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Q2188973 Inglês
[…] information technology is an indivisible part of education in the twenty-first century. When used correctly in the classroom, technology can allow students to experience situations and circumstances that the students of 20 years ago could only dream about. Through technology, books and figures can suddenly become alive and applicable to the real world. In addition, information technology provides an even greater avenue for interaction between teacher and students. At the English lessons different videos, exercises, games, listening drills may be done. Information technology makes learning English available to a wider range of learners as well. (RODINADZE, & ZARBAZOIA, 2012, p. 274)
According to Rodinadze, S., & Zarbazoia, K., 2012, judge the items below as (T) True or (F) False regarding the ADVANTAGES of information technology in teaching the English language.
I. Information technology helps students as well as teachers in studying the course material easily because of fast access. Studying the subjects with the help of online libraries and dictionaries has made grasping and increasing knowledge easy for the students.
II. Information technology may facilitate learning or serve as the actual educational structure allowing learning to occur. It benefits both traditional education institutions and online educational models in fundamental ways. For example, multimedia presentations, knowledge-management softwares, apps, mobile devices such as tablets, personal digital assistants (PDAs), lap tops, video conferencing, cloud computing, and collaborative document editing are notable information technology services benefiting education that can provide teachers with an endless choice to create more exciting and interactive lessons.
III. Students and educators utilizing cloud computing to store their homework can also modify the documents access settings to allow multiple editors and contributors to participate in an assignment. This empowers educators to design work assignments for teams of students working together and, in so doing, cultivate a teamwork ethos preparing them for the workplace. Now information technology has made it easy to study as well as teach in groups or in clusters. At the English lessons with online resources they can be united together to do the desired task.
IV. Teachers can enter grades and assignment updates online, rather than in a paper grade-book. Libraries with a digital database in place of a traditional card catalog make their resources available for students to search anywhere with an Internet connection. Staff members can find and send transcript information and other records quickly by accessing a digital filing system, saving time and paper.
V. Information and communication technology opens the doors for better distance learning programs, allowing those in disadvantaged areas to have access to the same education as the privileged. Because this technology makes information accessible from nearly any location with a mobile device or laptop, courses can be more flexible; meaning those with full schedules who may not have the time or opportunity to further their education can choose to enroll in courses online and complete assignments on their own time.
VI. Interactive audio and video allow real time communication using phones and computers at the English lessons. Voice over Internet Protocol enables a person's voice to be transmitted through an Internet connection. Voice and multimedia presentations can also be delivered to a dispersed class with questions and answers taking place in real time.
Choose the CORRECT sequence.
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Q2188972 Inglês
“The most important difference lies in the learners and their purposes for learning English. ESP students are usually adults who already have some acquaintance with English and are learning the language in order to communicate a set of professional skills and to perform particular job-related functions. An ESP program is therefore built on an assessment of purposes and needs and the functions for which English is required. […] The ESP focal point is that English is not taught as a subject separated from the students' real world (or wishes); instead, it is integrated into a subject matter area important to the learners”. (FIORITO, 2005) Disponível em: https://www.usingenglish.com/ teachers/articles/teaching-english-for-specific-purposes-esp.html, accessed on 15th December 2022.
According to Fiorito (2005), what is INCORRECT to say about English for Specific Purposes (ESP)?  
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Q2188971 Inglês

Read the quote and choose the CORRECT statement that completes the given sentence.


“Throughout this paper I have been arguing that we have to go further than finding ways of improving techniques to create “real life” situations in the classroom. Teachers as decision-makers and agents need to consider the identities that are being (re)constructed by their pedagogical practices and choices. Considering that those identities are being shaped anyway, it is important that teachers become aware of the effects of their actions. One of the possible identities is that of a global citizen: not someone who knows many languages but someone who deals with the conflicts inherent in communicative events made possible by a language that has acquired a global dimension” (GIMENEZ, 2007, p. 27).


According to Gimenez, globalization and the spread of English around the world have posed new challenges to language teachers because:

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Q2188970 Inglês
Rose, D. & Martin, J. (2012) have contributed to what is known as a genre approach to literacy development. According to them, genres are generic categories of written forms. The term is commonly used in literary circles to refer to the major genres of poetry, prose and drama. In relation to literacy studies, genres are broadened substantially, so as to include such generic forms as narratives, descriptions, information reports and procedural texts.
According to the authors, it is CORRECT to point that:
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Q2188969 Inglês
The OCEM were published in 2006 for improving teacher’s practice in the classroom. They bring some examples of activities that teachers should put into practice in the classroom for achieving their aims concerning reading, writing and speaking (OCEM, 2006, p. 87).
Judge the items below as (T) True or (F) False about the aims of OCEM (2006).
I. To reflect on the educational function of teaching foreign languages in high school and to emphasize their importance in the curriculum;
II. To reaffirm the notion of citizenship and discuss the practice of this notion in the foreign languages teaching context without considering globalization;
III. To discuss the problem of exclusion in the teaching context in the face of “globalizing” values and the feeling of inclusion often combined with foreign languages knowledge;
IV. To introduce theories about language and new technologies emphasizing globalization and individualism.
V. To give suggestions on the practice of teaching foreign languages through literacies, multiliteracies, multimodality and hypertext.
Choose the statement with the TRUE items. 
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Q2188968 Inglês
According to the "Orientações Curriculares para o Ensino Médio" (OCEM) (2006, p. 117), there are two types of reading that can be explored by teachers in the classroom: critical reading and critical literacy. They guide students to different ways of seeing themselves and the world in this context. Choose the FALSE statement about critical literacy.
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Q2184948 Inglês
The word ‘bug’ can have other meanings than just “an insect”. Read the sentences and choose the alternative that exposes “bug” in these other meanings.
I. My new computer is full of bugs! I can’t open even an email. II. Be careful with this new hotel, the owner planted a bug in each hotel room, just to listen to what the hotel guests are saying. III. See! There's a huge bug crawling up your leg!
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Q2184922 Inglês
A questão foi desenvolvida em língua inglesa e/ou língua portuguesa oficial do Brasil. 
Read the alternatives and choose the incorrect one. Pay attention to their grammatical structure.
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Q2184915 Inglês
A questão foi desenvolvida em língua inglesa e/ou língua portuguesa oficial do Brasil. 
Read the paragraph and complete it with the correct reading strategy: “From the text given, the ______ are: adult education; banking education; critical pedagogy; dialogue; popular education, it is common to have from three to five words in this reading strategy”. Tick the correct alternative.
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Q2184914 Inglês
A questão foi desenvolvida em língua inglesa e/ou língua portuguesa oficial do Brasil. 
Analyze the word suffix ‘Philosopher’. Choose the word with the same suffix function that forms the idea of a profession.
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Q2184913 Inglês

Text: Paulo Freire and Communication Studies

(Adapted from Tania Ramalho article in Communication

- Oxford University Press


       Paulo Freire, the Brazilian activist educator and philosopher of education, affirmed that communication is at the heart of pedagogy, as teaching, and learning through praxis that involves reflection and action ultimately to address social injustice and dehumanization. Dialogue is at the center of his pedagogical approach, as means to individualization and humanization. Dialogue assumes participants from EJA - young and adult education- to be on an equal level even in the presence of difference. In his literacy work, Freire required teacher-facilitators to co-investigate the most important themes in the lives of students. These themes were codified into pictures and brought to dialogue that animated the re-creation of knowledge of participants’ world in the process of learning how to read, achieving the meaning of the word. The objective of this approach was not to reproduce “banking” education but to promote revolutionary emancipation of individual and society. Freire developed his work in life context at the state of Pernambuco, in the challenging circumstances – socially, historically, and geographically – of the Brazilian Northeast Region. He experienced poverty and hunger and was lucky in his access to education thanks to the efforts of his mother. He rose through the ranks of civil service, serving at state and national levels, addressing the literacy and emancipatory needs of the population, particularly adults in rural areas. Exiled during the military dictatorship in Brazil, Freire lived in Chile, the United States, and Switzerland, where he worked on education projects worldwide. 




A questão foi desenvolvida em língua portuguesa oficial do Brasil.

Nas estratégias de leitura, o reconhecimento dos falsos cognatos é necessário para dirimir quaisquer dúvidas de significado. Atente que um vocábulo pode ser cognato em um contexto e falso cognato em outro. Agora, leia os fragmentos a seguir e observe que há dois falsos cognatos. Assinale a alternativa que os contenha: “(…) the heart of pedagogy, teaching, and learning through praxis that involves reflection and action ultimately to address social injustice and dehumanization (…)” ; “He rose through the ranks of civil service (…)”.
Alternativas
Q2184912 Inglês

Text: Paulo Freire and Communication Studies

(Adapted from Tania Ramalho article in Communication

- Oxford University Press


       Paulo Freire, the Brazilian activist educator and philosopher of education, affirmed that communication is at the heart of pedagogy, as teaching, and learning through praxis that involves reflection and action ultimately to address social injustice and dehumanization. Dialogue is at the center of his pedagogical approach, as means to individualization and humanization. Dialogue assumes participants from EJA - young and adult education- to be on an equal level even in the presence of difference. In his literacy work, Freire required teacher-facilitators to co-investigate the most important themes in the lives of students. These themes were codified into pictures and brought to dialogue that animated the re-creation of knowledge of participants’ world in the process of learning how to read, achieving the meaning of the word. The objective of this approach was not to reproduce “banking” education but to promote revolutionary emancipation of individual and society. Freire developed his work in life context at the state of Pernambuco, in the challenging circumstances – socially, historically, and geographically – of the Brazilian Northeast Region. He experienced poverty and hunger and was lucky in his access to education thanks to the efforts of his mother. He rose through the ranks of civil service, serving at state and national levels, addressing the literacy and emancipatory needs of the population, particularly adults in rural areas. Exiled during the military dictatorship in Brazil, Freire lived in Chile, the United States, and Switzerland, where he worked on education projects worldwide. 




A questão foi desenvolvida em língua portuguesa oficial do Brasil.

Sobre inferência e, a partir delas, assinale a alternativa incorreta.
Alternativas
Q2184911 Inglês

Text: Paulo Freire and Communication Studies

(Adapted from Tania Ramalho article in Communication

- Oxford University Press


       Paulo Freire, the Brazilian activist educator and philosopher of education, affirmed that communication is at the heart of pedagogy, as teaching, and learning through praxis that involves reflection and action ultimately to address social injustice and dehumanization. Dialogue is at the center of his pedagogical approach, as means to individualization and humanization. Dialogue assumes participants from EJA - young and adult education- to be on an equal level even in the presence of difference. In his literacy work, Freire required teacher-facilitators to co-investigate the most important themes in the lives of students. These themes were codified into pictures and brought to dialogue that animated the re-creation of knowledge of participants’ world in the process of learning how to read, achieving the meaning of the word. The objective of this approach was not to reproduce “banking” education but to promote revolutionary emancipation of individual and society. Freire developed his work in life context at the state of Pernambuco, in the challenging circumstances – socially, historically, and geographically – of the Brazilian Northeast Region. He experienced poverty and hunger and was lucky in his access to education thanks to the efforts of his mother. He rose through the ranks of civil service, serving at state and national levels, addressing the literacy and emancipatory needs of the population, particularly adults in rural areas. Exiled during the military dictatorship in Brazil, Freire lived in Chile, the United States, and Switzerland, where he worked on education projects worldwide. 




A questão foi desenvolvida em língua portuguesa oficial do Brasil.

Sobre estratégia de leitura, assinale a alternativa incorreta em relação a SCANNING.
Alternativas
Q2178061 Inglês
Artificial General Intelligence Is Not as Imminent as You
Might Think

     To the average person, it must seem as if the field of artificial intelligence is making immense progress. According to the press releases, and some of the more ________ media accounts, OpenAI’s DALL-E 2 can seemingly create spectacular images from any text; another OpenAI system called GPT-3 can talk about just about anything; and a system called Gato that was released in May by DeepMind, a division of Alphabet, seemingly worked well on every task the company could throw at it. One of DeepMind’s highlevel executives even went so far as to brag that in the quest for artificial general intelligence (AGI), AI that has the flexibility and resourcefulness of human intelligence, “The Game is Over!” And Elon Musk said recently that he would be surprised if we didn’t have artificial general intelligence by 2029.
     Don’t be fooled. Machines may someday be as smart as people, and perhaps even smarter, but the game is far from over. There is still an immense amount of work to be done in making machines that truly can comprehend and reason about the world around them. What we really need right now is less posturing and more basic research.
     To be sure, there are indeed some ways in which AI truly is making progress—synthetic images look more and more realistic, and speech recognition can often work in noisy environments—but we are still light-years away from general purpose, human-level AI that can understand the true meanings of articles and videos, or deal with unexpected obstacles and interruptions. We are still stuck on precisely the same challenges that academic scientists having been pointing out for years: getting AI to be reliable and getting it to cope with unusual circumstances.

(Fonte: Scientific American - adaptado.)

Check the alternative that CORRECTLY fills the gap in the text:
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Q2178060 Inglês
Artificial General Intelligence Is Not as Imminent as You
Might Think

     To the average person, it must seem as if the field of artificial intelligence is making immense progress. According to the press releases, and some of the more ________ media accounts, OpenAI’s DALL-E 2 can seemingly create spectacular images from any text; another OpenAI system called GPT-3 can talk about just about anything; and a system called Gato that was released in May by DeepMind, a division of Alphabet, seemingly worked well on every task the company could throw at it. One of DeepMind’s highlevel executives even went so far as to brag that in the quest for artificial general intelligence (AGI), AI that has the flexibility and resourcefulness of human intelligence, “The Game is Over!” And Elon Musk said recently that he would be surprised if we didn’t have artificial general intelligence by 2029.
     Don’t be fooled. Machines may someday be as smart as people, and perhaps even smarter, but the game is far from over. There is still an immense amount of work to be done in making machines that truly can comprehend and reason about the world around them. What we really need right now is less posturing and more basic research.
     To be sure, there are indeed some ways in which AI truly is making progress—synthetic images look more and more realistic, and speech recognition can often work in noisy environments—but we are still light-years away from general purpose, human-level AI that can understand the true meanings of articles and videos, or deal with unexpected obstacles and interruptions. We are still stuck on precisely the same challenges that academic scientists having been pointing out for years: getting AI to be reliable and getting it to cope with unusual circumstances.

(Fonte: Scientific American - adaptado.)

In “One of DeepMind’s high-level executives even went so far as to brag that in the quest for artificial general intelligence (AGI), AI that has the flexibility and resourcefulness of human intelligence, ‘The Game is Over!’”, the underlined word can be substituted without loss of meaning by: 
Alternativas
Q2178059 Inglês
Artificial General Intelligence Is Not as Imminent as You
Might Think

     To the average person, it must seem as if the field of artificial intelligence is making immense progress. According to the press releases, and some of the more ________ media accounts, OpenAI’s DALL-E 2 can seemingly create spectacular images from any text; another OpenAI system called GPT-3 can talk about just about anything; and a system called Gato that was released in May by DeepMind, a division of Alphabet, seemingly worked well on every task the company could throw at it. One of DeepMind’s highlevel executives even went so far as to brag that in the quest for artificial general intelligence (AGI), AI that has the flexibility and resourcefulness of human intelligence, “The Game is Over!” And Elon Musk said recently that he would be surprised if we didn’t have artificial general intelligence by 2029.
     Don’t be fooled. Machines may someday be as smart as people, and perhaps even smarter, but the game is far from over. There is still an immense amount of work to be done in making machines that truly can comprehend and reason about the world around them. What we really need right now is less posturing and more basic research.
     To be sure, there are indeed some ways in which AI truly is making progress—synthetic images look more and more realistic, and speech recognition can often work in noisy environments—but we are still light-years away from general purpose, human-level AI that can understand the true meanings of articles and videos, or deal with unexpected obstacles and interruptions. We are still stuck on precisely the same challenges that academic scientists having been pointing out for years: getting AI to be reliable and getting it to cope with unusual circumstances.

(Fonte: Scientific American - adaptado.)

Considering the text, number the 2nd column according to the 1rst and, after that, check the alternative that presents the CORRECT sequence:
(1) DALL-E 2. (2) GPT-3. (3) Gato.
(_) A system that has the ability to talk. (_) A system that apparently perform every task required. (_) A system that can create images from texts.
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Q2178058 Inglês
Artificial General Intelligence Is Not as Imminent as You
Might Think

     To the average person, it must seem as if the field of artificial intelligence is making immense progress. According to the press releases, and some of the more ________ media accounts, OpenAI’s DALL-E 2 can seemingly create spectacular images from any text; another OpenAI system called GPT-3 can talk about just about anything; and a system called Gato that was released in May by DeepMind, a division of Alphabet, seemingly worked well on every task the company could throw at it. One of DeepMind’s highlevel executives even went so far as to brag that in the quest for artificial general intelligence (AGI), AI that has the flexibility and resourcefulness of human intelligence, “The Game is Over!” And Elon Musk said recently that he would be surprised if we didn’t have artificial general intelligence by 2029.
     Don’t be fooled. Machines may someday be as smart as people, and perhaps even smarter, but the game is far from over. There is still an immense amount of work to be done in making machines that truly can comprehend and reason about the world around them. What we really need right now is less posturing and more basic research.
     To be sure, there are indeed some ways in which AI truly is making progress—synthetic images look more and more realistic, and speech recognition can often work in noisy environments—but we are still light-years away from general purpose, human-level AI that can understand the true meanings of articles and videos, or deal with unexpected obstacles and interruptions. We are still stuck on precisely the same challenges that academic scientists having been pointing out for years: getting AI to be reliable and getting it to cope with unusual circumstances.

(Fonte: Scientific American - adaptado.)

According to the text, Artificial Intelligence has made significant progress in the previous years, however:
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Q2176571 Inglês
Text CB1A2-I 

    The quest for universal administrative standards to promote the effective application of public laws and policies gave birth to the field of public administration. Woodrow Wilson argued for a distinction between politics and administration, arguing that the former was more concerned with democracy, justice, and equality, while the latter was more concerned with efficiency, as he postulated that “administration lies beyond the proper domain of politics; administrative questions are not political questions” (Wilson, 1887). 
    According to Waldo (1948), the means and measurements of efficiency were the same for all administrations: democracy, if it were to survive, could not afford to ignore the lessons of centralization, hierarchy and discipline. Bureaucracy as an organisational type has seen its heyday in the field of public administration, owing to Woodrow Wilson’s Transfer of Administrative Principles.
    That notwithstanding, the field has gone through paradigmatic evolution over time by a quest for management paradigm derived from the discipline of business administration. The management approach is said to hold the promise of future public sector reform, replacing the administrative approach traditionally provided by public administration. A new concept arises when the management perspective is combined with an emphasis on the public sector: public management. 
    Courses and programmes, as well as whole academic institutions and colleges, are adapting by switching from the term “public administration” to “public management”. Considering the growing demands for efficiency in the public sector, the transition from a public administration to a public management framework seems to be the right step.

M.O. Obimpeh and J.A. Dankwa. Public administration – public management interface: how different is the “management” from the “administration”? Internet: (adapted)

In text CB1A2-I the word “promote”, in the first paragraph, means the same as
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Q2176570 Inglês
Text CB1A2-I 

    The quest for universal administrative standards to promote the effective application of public laws and policies gave birth to the field of public administration. Woodrow Wilson argued for a distinction between politics and administration, arguing that the former was more concerned with democracy, justice, and equality, while the latter was more concerned with efficiency, as he postulated that “administration lies beyond the proper domain of politics; administrative questions are not political questions” (Wilson, 1887). 
    According to Waldo (1948), the means and measurements of efficiency were the same for all administrations: democracy, if it were to survive, could not afford to ignore the lessons of centralization, hierarchy and discipline. Bureaucracy as an organisational type has seen its heyday in the field of public administration, owing to Woodrow Wilson’s Transfer of Administrative Principles.
    That notwithstanding, the field has gone through paradigmatic evolution over time by a quest for management paradigm derived from the discipline of business administration. The management approach is said to hold the promise of future public sector reform, replacing the administrative approach traditionally provided by public administration. A new concept arises when the management perspective is combined with an emphasis on the public sector: public management. 
    Courses and programmes, as well as whole academic institutions and colleges, are adapting by switching from the term “public administration” to “public management”. Considering the growing demands for efficiency in the public sector, the transition from a public administration to a public management framework seems to be the right step.

M.O. Obimpeh and J.A. Dankwa. Public administration – public management interface: how different is the “management” from the “administration”? Internet: (adapted)

In the second paragraph of text CB1A2-I, the determiner “its” refers to
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Respostas
401: C
402: D
403: A
404: D
405: A
406: E
407: E
408: C
409: D
410: D
411: A
412: C
413: B
414: B
415: C
416: E
417: A
418: E
419: C
420: B