Questões de Concurso Para if-sp

Leaving words out

Ellipsis means leaving words out. Instead of repeating a noun phrase, we can use a pronoun or we can leave the pronoun out. Instead of repeating a verb phrase, we can use a substitution form or leave the substitution form out. We usually use ellipsis instead of repeating words before nouns in phrases joined by and, but, or. We can also use ellipsis after a comma in a list.

(adapted from YULE, George. Oxford Practice Grammar. Pearson: 2001, p.106)

Choose the shortest possible version of the following text considering the explanation about ellipsis.

He put the money on the table and he sat down. He sat in his hot clothes and he felt heavy. The woman looked over at him and she smiled. Her smile said she was in charge and she could take his money if she wanted to take his money. The smile lingered for a moment or two than the smile disappeared and the smile was replaced by a dark stare.

One of the most commonly mispronounced sounds in American English is the “th” sound. This is likely do to the fact that the “th” phonemes are rare sounds, not found in most European and Asian languages. When we do not have a sound in our own language, the natural tendency to substitute a similar sound, such as “z,” “d” or “t.” Unfortunately, this has a big impact on accent, because the “th” sound is found in 20% of the 25 words we say the most in English. The most commonly used word, “the,” begins with this sound. So, when we mispronounce “th,” it is very noticeable in everyday speech.


Choose the words in which the ‘th’ sound is voiced

Tomlinson (2011, p.7) states that materials should achieve impact. “Impact is achieved when materials have a noticeable effect on learners, that is when the learners’ curiosity, interest and attention are attracted. If this is achieved there is a better chance that some of the language in the materials will be taken in for processing”. According to the author, materials can achieve impact through some aspects.

Choose the alternative that is approached by Tomlinson (2006):

“Our concern is with language learning. We cannot simply assume that describing and exemplifying what people do with language will enable someone to learn it. If that were so, we would need to do more than read a grammar book and a dictionary in order to learn a language. A truly valid approach to ESP must be based on an understanding of the processes of language learning”

(HUTCHINSON & WATERS, 1987, p.14)

According to Hutchinson and Waters (1987), the subject of their book is:

Dentre os mecanismos da coesão referencial, as formas remissivas referenciais são aquelas que, além de trazerem instruções de conexão para o texto, fornecem indicações no nível da referência.

(KOCH, Ingedore Villaça. A coesão textual. São Paulo: Contexto, 1999 pp 45-46)

Assinale a alternativa que apresenta um exemplo desse tipo de mecanismo seguido da explicação adequada, segundo KOCH (1999):