Questões de Inglês para Concurso
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According to the New World Encyclopedia, Philosophy of language is the reasoned inquiry into the nature, origins, and usage of language. As a topic, the philosophy of language for Analytic Philosophers has been concerned with four central problems, which are:
(Available at: https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Philosophy_of_language )
Concerning Bilingualism, analyze the following statements (Gleason, J. B. e Ratner, N. B. The Development of Language. Pearson: Boston, 2009):
I. When a speaker gains a second language while retaining a first language, the process is called additive language. Often, the acquisition of the second language is seen as an asset, as enhancing the prestige and social and economic prowess of the speaker.
II. Subtractive bilingualism refers to the loss of fluency in one’s native language that occurs when acquiring a second language.
III. Being younger is an advantage in terms of the rate of acquisition, as younger learners acquire a second language more rapidly than older learners in untutored settings.
IV. The acquisition of a second language could occur in submersion settings in which the person is surrounded by native speakers of that second language, or in immersion settings, in which the person and other people received instruction in that second language only.
V. Children growing up learning two or more languages simultaneously can do so without difficulty and in much the same way as do monolingual children.
Check the alternative that presents the number of the CORRECT statements:
Differences between Brazilian Portuguese and English can result in difficulties in oral comprehension and production due to transfer. These difficulties can result in intelligibility and comprehensibility problems that can be overcome when teachers understand why and how the difficulties happen. Mark the alternative in which only common phonological processes that trigger mispronunciations produced by Brazilians when speaking English are mentioned.
Norman Fairclough is one of the founders of Critical discourse analysis (CDA), which studies how power is exercised through language. According to him, CDA is a positioning concerning language that associates linguistic text analysis with a social theory of the functioning of language in political and ideological processes (Fairclough, N. Critical Language Awareness. Routledge: London, 1992). Write (T) for those that are true and (F) for those that are false in relation to the CDA theoretical basis.
( ) The object of analysis is linguistic texts which are analyzed in terms of their own specificity.
( ) In addition to text, the processes of text production and interpretation are themselves analyzed. Analysis is interpretation.
( ) Texts must be homogeneous and ambiguous and features of different genre types might be drawn upon in interpreting them.
( ) Discourse is socially constructive, constituting social subjects, social relations and systems of knowledge and belief.
( ) Discourse analysis is concerned only with power relations in discourse and how it transform the social practices of a society.
( ) Analysis of discourse attends to its functioning in the creative transformation of ideologies and practices as well as its function in securing their reproduction.
Check the alternative that shows the CORRECT sequence:
The use of authentic materials in the classroom can be beneficial to the learner because of the real language exposure supporting a more creative approach to teaching, the possibility of practicing skimming and scanning, the encouragement to reading for pleasure, among others. Nevertheless, using authentic materials in ESP classes can also have some disadvantages, such as:
In relation to designing translation courses, three approaches, or three organizing principles can be followed: (1) the inductive approach, (2) the deductive approach, or (3) the functional approach. Associate the approaches (1), (2) and (3) on the right column, to the propositions that characterize them on the left column.
(1) the inductive approach
(2) the deductive approach
(3) the functional approach
( ) Teaching is based on certain topics related to translation techniques
( ) Teachers decide what skills are necessary for translation and aim to develop these skills without necessarily using translation tasks.
( ) In this approach, teaching does not begin with a text but with a translation problem
( ) The process of teaching is organized by text-selection
( ) In this approach teaching is organized around particular skills to be developed
( ) Since in a text-based class only problems occurring in the given text appear, it might happen that important translation problems remain untackled.
The CORRECT sequence, from top to bottom, is:
The following are aspects or concerns of a Genre Approach to English as a second language:
I. The relationship between texts and their contexts.
II. The purpose or intention of a text.
III. Reader has the main role.
IV. Writing as a social activity.
V. Teacher’s role is authoritarian.
Choose the CORRECT option:
Raimes (1998) classifies the teaching practices of writing in L2 according to four main focuses: the form, the author, the content and the reader. Associate the column on the right side to the column on the left.
(1) This approach links writing to the content of the student's area of study, seeking to teach the specific rhetorical conventions of the subject.
(2) This approach understands that writing is influenced by the values, expectations and conventions of the discourse communities that will consume the written work.
(3) This proposal is centered on the final product, which should show the domain of certain grammatical, semantic and rhetorical.
(4) This proposal focuses on the process and use of cognitive strategies for producing texts. This is why it is called a "procedural" proposal, which emphasizes a pedagogy focused on the planning and development of ideas and the production of multiple drafts of a text, giving relevance to the recursive, non-linear character of writing.
( ) The form
( ) The author
( ) The content
( ) The reader
The CORRECT sequence, from top to bottom, is:
Read the following statements and decide if they are true (T) or false (F).
( ) Technologies of information and communication create new genres as Twitter and YouTube. These novelties demand a new way to think teaching English as a second language.
( ) Reading and writing have been affected by new technologies. Images and hyperlinks have become an integrated part of the new genres.
( ) Teaching English as a second language has to follow different concepts of language learning and abstract from the changes society goes through.
( ) Intertextuality is a relevant characteristic of the technological genres.
( ) Multimedia educational proposals contribute to a contextualized teaching and to a better understanding of the world.
Choose the alternative which CORRECTLY shows if the statements are true of false:
Considering classroom management and teacher-student interaction, write true (T) or false (F) to the following statements:
( ) Teacher talk is important to provide students with live target language input. ( ) Code switching is a teaching strategy used when teacher and students do not share the same L1.
( ) Classroom management has to do with decisions related to unexpected (but pertinent) questions, misbehaving students, technical problems with equipment or materials, among others.
( ) The one condition for interaction to happen in the language classroom is having negotiation of meaning between two or more speakers with the same proficiency level.
Choose the option with the correct sequence (top to bottom):
Read the text below and answer the questions that follow.
How Telecommuting Works
Telecommuting, which is growing in popularity, allows employees to avoid long commutes.
“Brring,” the alarm startles you out of a deep sleep. It’s 8 a.m. on Monday morning. Time to head to the office. You roll out of bed, brush your teeth and stumble your way to the kitchen to grab some coffee.
Moments later, you head to the office, still wearing your pajamas and fluffy slippers. Luckily for you, you don’t have to go far – you work at home. Telecommuting, or working at home, has grown in popularity over the last 20 years.
On an increasing basis, workers are saying “no” to long commutes and opting to work at home. In fact, the U.S. Census Bureau reports that the number of employees working from home grew by 23 percent from 1990 to 2000.
Telecommuting workers revel in making their own schedule – allowing them to schedule work around family and personal commitments. With the ready availability of technology tools, like the Internet and home computers, companies are more willing to let employees work from home.
(Adapted from: http://home.howstuffworks.com/telecommuting.htm Access on 18 January, 2014)
The technology tools mentioned in the text refer to:
Read the text below and answer the questions that follow.
How Telecommuting Works
Telecommuting, which is growing in popularity, allows employees to avoid long commutes.
“Brring,” the alarm startles you out of a deep sleep. It’s 8 a.m. on Monday morning. Time to head to the office. You roll out of bed, brush your teeth and stumble your way to the kitchen to grab some coffee.
Moments later, you head to the office, still wearing your pajamas and fluffy slippers. Luckily for you, you don’t have to go far – you work at home. Telecommuting, or working at home, has grown in popularity over the last 20 years.
On an increasing basis, workers are saying “no” to long commutes and opting to work at home. In fact, the U.S. Census Bureau reports that the number of employees working from home grew by 23 percent from 1990 to 2000.
Telecommuting workers revel in making their own schedule – allowing them to schedule work around family and personal commitments. With the ready availability of technology tools, like the Internet and home computers, companies are more willing to let employees work from home.
(Adapted from: http://home.howstuffworks.com/telecommuting.htm Access on 18 January, 2014)
The pronoun THEM in the last paragraph of the text refers to:
Read the text below and answer the questions that follow.
How Telecommuting Works
Telecommuting, which is growing in popularity, allows employees to avoid long commutes.
“Brring,” the alarm startles you out of a deep sleep. It’s 8 a.m. on Monday morning. Time to head to the office. You roll out of bed, brush your teeth and stumble your way to the kitchen to grab some coffee.
Moments later, you head to the office, still wearing your pajamas and fluffy slippers. Luckily for you, you don’t have to go far – you work at home. Telecommuting, or working at home, has grown in popularity over the last 20 years.
On an increasing basis, workers are saying “no” to long commutes and opting to work at home. In fact, the U.S. Census Bureau reports that the number of employees working from home grew by 23 percent from 1990 to 2000.
Telecommuting workers revel in making their own schedule – allowing them to schedule work around family and personal commitments. With the ready availability of technology tools, like the Internet and home computers, companies are more willing to let employees work from home.
(Adapted from: http://home.howstuffworks.com/telecommuting.htm Access on 18 January, 2014)
According to the text, workers:
Read the text below and answer the questions that follow.
How Telecommuting Works
Telecommuting, which is growing in popularity, allows employees to avoid long commutes.
“Brring,” the alarm startles you out of a deep sleep. It’s 8 a.m. on Monday morning. Time to head to the office. You roll out of bed, brush your teeth and stumble your way to the kitchen to grab some coffee.
Moments later, you head to the office, still wearing your pajamas and fluffy slippers. Luckily for you, you don’t have to go far – you work at home. Telecommuting, or working at home, has grown in popularity over the last 20 years.
On an increasing basis, workers are saying “no” to long commutes and opting to work at home. In fact, the U.S. Census Bureau reports that the number of employees working from home grew by 23 percent from 1990 to 2000.
Telecommuting workers revel in making their own schedule – allowing them to schedule work around family and personal commitments. With the ready availability of technology tools, like the Internet and home computers, companies are more willing to let employees work from home.
(Adapted from: http://home.howstuffworks.com/telecommuting.htm Access on 18 January, 2014)
Choose the correct sentence, according to the text.
Read the text below and answer the questions that follow.
How Telecommuting Works
Telecommuting, which is growing in popularity, allows employees to avoid long commutes.
“Brring,” the alarm startles you out of a deep sleep. It’s 8 a.m. on Monday morning. Time to head to the office. You roll out of bed, brush your teeth and stumble your way to the kitchen to grab some coffee.
Moments later, you head to the office, still wearing your pajamas and fluffy slippers. Luckily for you, you don’t have to go far – you work at home. Telecommuting, or working at home, has grown in popularity over the last 20 years.
On an increasing basis, workers are saying “no” to long commutes and opting to work at home. In fact, the U.S. Census Bureau reports that the number of employees working from home grew by 23 percent from 1990 to 2000.
Telecommuting workers revel in making their own schedule – allowing them to schedule work around family and personal commitments. With the ready availability of technology tools, like the Internet and home computers, companies are more willing to let employees work from home.
(Adapted from: http://home.howstuffworks.com/telecommuting.htm Access on 18 January, 2014)
According to the text, telecommuting refers to:
heavily in "when it rains heavily" indicates:
The verb form in "are being taken" is in the same form as in:
In "to prevent the plane", the underlined word means:
due to in "due to severe economic ramifications" introduces a(n):
When the text says the ban was "too harsh" it means that it was too:
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