Questões de Concurso Público IF-SP 2018 para Português/Inglês

“O que se entende por norma-padrão, nos estudos mais recentes sobre variação linguística e ensino, é o modelo de língua descrito-prescrito pela tradição gramatical, uma língua extremamente idealizada, construída com base nos usos de um grupo não muito amplo de escritores e, mesmo assim, não de todos esses usos, mas só daqueles que o próprio gramático considera exemplares ou recomendáveis.”

(BAGNO, Marcos. Gramática Pedagógica do Português Brasileiro. São Paulo: Parábola, 2011 p 31)

Com base na visão de Bagno sobre a norma-padrão, é correto afirmar que:

“São muitas as pessoas que, dominando magnificamente a língua, sentem-se logo desamparadas em certas esferas de comunicação verbal, precisamente pelo fato de não dominarem, na prática, as formas do gênero de uma dada esfera. Não é raro o homem que domina perfeitamente a fala numa esfera de comunicação cultural, saber fazer uma explanação, travar uma discussão científica, intervir a respeito de problemas sociais, calar-se ou então intervir de uma maneira muito adequada numa conversa social. Não é por causa de uma pobreza de vocabulário ou de estilo (numa acepção abstrata), mas de uma inexperiência em dominar o repertório dos gênero da conversa social e de uma falta de conhecimento a respeito do que é o todo do enunciado, que o indivíduo fica inapto para moldar com facilidade e prontidão sua fala e determinadas formas estilísticas e composicionais; é por causa de uma inexperiência em tomar uma palavra no momento certo, em começar e terminar no tempo correto (nesses gêneros, a composição é muito simples).

(BAKHTIN, M. Estética da criação verbal. São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2003)

Considerando a concepção de Bakhtin sobre a importância do domínio dos gêneros textuais, assinale a alternativa que melhor contemple a relação entre o ensino de língua e a função da escola quanto ao domínio dessas esferas de comunicação verbal:

De acordo com a gramática normativa, o estudo da acentuação gráfica trata das regras que disciplinam o uso adequado dos sinais que indicam a posição da sílaba tônica e outras particularidades, como o timbre e a nasalização das vogais. Escolha a alternativa que apresenta a palavra destacada com a acentuação e explicação corretas sob o ponto de vista normativo-prescritivo:

“O pronome lhe no português brasileiro não se comporta como a tradição gramatical gostaria que ele se comportasse. Para início de conversa, o lhe tem uma distribuição que poderíamos chamar de regional, porque não é em todas as variedades do português brasileiro que ele ocorre com frequência, sendo mais comum em alguns falares nordestinos (Bahia e Ceará, por exemplo) e, segundo pesquisas, em determinadas camadas sociais no Rio de Janeiro. Sua forma no plural, lhes, essa jamais aparece na fala espontânea de nenhum brasileiro. Além disso, quando usado na língua falada, o lhe nunca se refere a ele ou ela mas única e exclusivamente a você, ou seja, é um pronome que o falante usa para designar sempre o seu interlocutor.

(Bagno, Marcos. Não é errado falar assim!. São Paulo: Parábola Editora, 2009. p.227)

Sobre o uso do pronome lhe no português brasileiro, analise cada alternativa e assinale aquela que melhor se alinhe ao excerto acima:

Dentre os mecanismos da coesão referencial, as formas remissivas referenciais são aquelas que, além de trazerem instruções de conexão para o texto, fornecem indicações no nível da referência.

(KOCH, Ingedore Villaça. A coesão textual. São Paulo: Contexto, 1999 pp 45-46)

Assinale a alternativa que apresenta um exemplo desse tipo de mecanismo seguido da explicação adequada, segundo KOCH (1999):

“Our concern is with language learning. We cannot simply assume that describing and exemplifying what people do with language will enable someone to learn it. If that were so, we would need to do more than read a grammar book and a dictionary in order to learn a language. A truly valid approach to ESP must be based on an understanding of the processes of language learning”

(HUTCHINSON & WATERS, 1987, p.14)

According to Hutchinson and Waters (1987), the subject of their book is:

Tomlinson (2011, p.7) states that materials should achieve impact. “Impact is achieved when materials have a noticeable effect on learners, that is when the learners’ curiosity, interest and attention are attracted. If this is achieved there is a better chance that some of the language in the materials will be taken in for processing”. According to the author, materials can achieve impact through some aspects.

Choose the alternative that is approached by Tomlinson (2006):

One of the most commonly mispronounced sounds in American English is the “th” sound. This is likely do to the fact that the “th” phonemes are rare sounds, not found in most European and Asian languages. When we do not have a sound in our own language, the natural tendency to substitute a similar sound, such as “z,” “d” or “t.” Unfortunately, this has a big impact on accent, because the “th” sound is found in 20% of the 25 words we say the most in English. The most commonly used word, “the,” begins with this sound. So, when we mispronounce “th,” it is very noticeable in everyday speech.


Choose the words in which the ‘th’ sound is voiced

Leaving words out

Ellipsis means leaving words out. Instead of repeating a noun phrase, we can use a pronoun or we can leave the pronoun out. Instead of repeating a verb phrase, we can use a substitution form or leave the substitution form out. We usually use ellipsis instead of repeating words before nouns in phrases joined by and, but, or. We can also use ellipsis after a comma in a list.

(adapted from YULE, George. Oxford Practice Grammar. Pearson: 2001, p.106)

Choose the shortest possible version of the following text considering the explanation about ellipsis.

He put the money on the table and he sat down. He sat in his hot clothes and he felt heavy. The woman looked over at him and she smiled. Her smile said she was in charge and she could take his money if she wanted to take his money. The smile lingered for a moment or two than the smile disappeared and the smile was replaced by a dark stare.

On the other hand, one may wonder what role English for Specific Purposes (ESP) plays in Brazil? The answer is: ESP has also its place in the Brazilian educational c ontext. It is now a well-established area field of language teaching and learning in the country. As already attested elsewhere (Ramos, 2005) ESP is a part of innumerable new textbooks that were put on the market in the last 10 years. It is part of the content indicated for the tertiary level entrance exams (maned Vestibular) in the country. It is the name of many courses that are offered in Brazilian universities.

(RAMOS, R. C. G. ESP in Brazil: history, new trends and challenges. In: KRZANOWSKI, M. (Ed.). ESP and EAP in Developing and in Least Developing Countries. IATEFL, 2008. p. 68-83.)

Which of the following are characteristics of English for Specific Purposes?

1. Meets specific needs of learners.

2. Makes use of underlying methodology and activities of the discipline it serves.

3. Is centered on the language appropriate to these activities in terms of grammar, lexis, syntax, study skills, discourse and genre.

4. Is designed for business purposes only.

5. Follows a specific methodology.

According to Hutchinson and Waters (1987, p.59-63), a course designer needs to gather some kind of information from an analysis of learning needs. To analyse learning needs, the authors proposed an analysis framework. Choose the alternative that refers to the framework for analyzing learning needs:

After analyzing the cartoons, answer the question:

What can be stated about students’ learning autonomy?

A “method” is not a relevant issue in such a connection between approach and technique. As your teacher-trainees develop and carry out classroom techniques, they can benefit by grounding everything they do in well-established principles of language learning and teaching. In so doing, they will be less likely to bring a pre-packaged and possibly ineffective method to bear, and more likely to be directly responsive to their students’ purposes and goals.

(BROWN, H. Douglas. Beyond Method: Toward a principled approach to language learning and teaching. Anais do XIII ENPULI. 1995 p.45)

Which statement is correct according to Brown?

Brown (2007, p. 62-79) proposes an approach to language teaching based on cognitive, socioaffective and linguistic principles.

Choose the alternative in which the SOCIOAFFECTIVE PRINCIPLES are presented.

The Screen Actors Guild Awards were a couple of nights ago—they’re more commonly called the SAG Awards—and they had a doozy of an error on Judi Dench’s name card. She was nominated for an award called Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role for her work in the movie “Victoria & Abdul,” but instead of spelling it R-O-L-E for “role,” they spelled it R-O-L-L, like the bread.

Choose the answer that justify the spelling mistake:

“Different learners have different preferred learning styles. This means that activities should be variable and should cater for all learning styles” (TOMLINSON, 2011, p. 17) Tomlinson (2011) presents the styles of learning which need to be catered for in language learning material.

Choose the alternative in which the exemplification of the learning style is correct:

An autonomous learner is someone who is able to learn on their own. In a sense, every learner is autonomous to some extent because each student in the classroom has to learn for themselves. Teachers try to help students learn by exposing them to English and providing opportunities for them to practice the new language in class as well as revise and learn at home, but they cannot learn for their students.

Students who are successful are those who take some responsibility for their learning. We can promote this by encouraging and fostering students’ ability to remember, learn, extrapolate and achieve on their own. Think about something you learned to do. Someone probably showed you what to do and how to do it, but in the end it was up to you to try for yourself. The moment that you did this was the moment you really began to learn.

(LOWES, Ricky. Helping Students to Learn. A Guide to Learner Autonomy. Richmond : 1998, p.5)

What Teaching Approach is best described by the passage above?

Brown ( 2007, p.15-17 ) explains the differences among methodology, approach, method, curriculum/syllabus and technique.

Choose the alternative in which the definition of METHOD is according to Brown’s (2007) explanation.

Tomlinson ( 2011, p. 9-10 ) postulates that “materials should help learners to develop confidence”.

Which of the following alternatives present the author’s statement about this subject?

Hutchinson and Waters (1987) use the analogy of a tree to get to a definition of what ESP is. However, they approach this definition by showing not what ESP is, but rather by showing what ESP isn’t.

Choose the statement that is true according to their definition: