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Q3158171 Inglês
Which demonstrative pronoun is used to refer to something far from the speaker?
Alternativas
Q3158170 Inglês
Which of the following sentences uses a possessive adjective to show ownership?
Alternativas
Q3158169 Inglês
The small exercise that's a powerful mood booster

Counting our blessings is an age-old piece of advice – but it turns out that writing lists of good things that happen to us actually does help improve our mood.
Of all the interventions brought to us by psychological research, I think this is probably my favourite. It's both simple and well-evidenced. And as such, it has become well-known.
There are various names for it – three good things, three blessings or a gratitude list. There are variations too in the exact instructions given, but essentially the exercise involves spending a few moments in the evening reflecting on your day, then writing down three things that went well or that you enjoyed. The final element is to think about why these things felt positive to you. You can choose anything, however small and seemingly inconsequential. Perhaps you bumped into a friend you hadn’t seen for a while? Perhaps you and a colleague laughed about something together. Perhaps you enjoyed your walk home from the station in lovely early evening light.
Alternatively, you could include something much more significant, perhaps even life-changing. Like passing an important exam, or getting a promotion, or hearing that a relative is going to have a baby.
Counting your blessings is of course a very old idea, and exercises of this kind had been used clinically for some time. The initial research investigating whether any of us might use this method in everyday life to improve our wellbeing was published in 2005 by Martin Seligman and Chris Peterson, two major figures in the field of positive psychology.
The study involved 577 people who were randomly assigned to different groups. As a placebo, one group had to write every evening about their early memories from childhood. Other groups were given different interventions to try out. In the arm of the trial that interests us, people were asked to list three things that had gone well that day and what caused them to go well. Over the next few months, the volunteers in all the groups were given scales to measure their happiness.
The results were impressive. Notably, within a month, the people who were assigned the three good things task began to show improvements in their happiness levels as well as a decrease in depressive symptoms – with the positive effects lasting for the six months of the study.
Meanwhile those in the placebo group saw a brief spike in happiness in the first week, but their mood soon returned to baseline, and there was no change at the six month follow up.
One reason that the three good things strategy can work is because it begins to counter the hard-wired tendency we have as humans to register and remember the negative rather than the positive. There's a strong evolutionary reason why we think this way: it's vital for our survival. So, we hardly notice if a small cat is following us up the street, but if it was a lion we certainly would. Our brains are primed for danger in order to keep us safe. Which is fine, except that in a world of war and suffering, hatred and division – all of which we can instantly access on our phones – this negativity bias can overwhelm us.
An important element of the three good things exercise is that it helps us to focus on the positive in a concrete way. And although I've been suggesting it's an end-ofthe-day exercise, its real strength lies in the fact that the impact soon begins to spread through the day. You find yourself searching out good things to add to your list from the moment you get up. (Whenever I get my favourite seat at the front of the top deck of the bus I think to myself, that's one for my list. How lucky!) And before you know it you are training yourself not only to look out for threats, but for good things too.


Fonte: Hammond, Claudia. The small exercise that's a
powerful mood booster. BBC, 2024. Disponível em:
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20241211-listingthree-good-things-mood-boost. Adaptado
Which of the following sentences expresses the Future Immediate tense correctly?
Alternativas
Q3158168 Inglês
The small exercise that's a powerful mood booster

Counting our blessings is an age-old piece of advice – but it turns out that writing lists of good things that happen to us actually does help improve our mood.
Of all the interventions brought to us by psychological research, I think this is probably my favourite. It's both simple and well-evidenced. And as such, it has become well-known.
There are various names for it – three good things, three blessings or a gratitude list. There are variations too in the exact instructions given, but essentially the exercise involves spending a few moments in the evening reflecting on your day, then writing down three things that went well or that you enjoyed. The final element is to think about why these things felt positive to you. You can choose anything, however small and seemingly inconsequential. Perhaps you bumped into a friend you hadn’t seen for a while? Perhaps you and a colleague laughed about something together. Perhaps you enjoyed your walk home from the station in lovely early evening light.
Alternatively, you could include something much more significant, perhaps even life-changing. Like passing an important exam, or getting a promotion, or hearing that a relative is going to have a baby.
Counting your blessings is of course a very old idea, and exercises of this kind had been used clinically for some time. The initial research investigating whether any of us might use this method in everyday life to improve our wellbeing was published in 2005 by Martin Seligman and Chris Peterson, two major figures in the field of positive psychology.
The study involved 577 people who were randomly assigned to different groups. As a placebo, one group had to write every evening about their early memories from childhood. Other groups were given different interventions to try out. In the arm of the trial that interests us, people were asked to list three things that had gone well that day and what caused them to go well. Over the next few months, the volunteers in all the groups were given scales to measure their happiness.
The results were impressive. Notably, within a month, the people who were assigned the three good things task began to show improvements in their happiness levels as well as a decrease in depressive symptoms – with the positive effects lasting for the six months of the study.
Meanwhile those in the placebo group saw a brief spike in happiness in the first week, but their mood soon returned to baseline, and there was no change at the six month follow up.
One reason that the three good things strategy can work is because it begins to counter the hard-wired tendency we have as humans to register and remember the negative rather than the positive. There's a strong evolutionary reason why we think this way: it's vital for our survival. So, we hardly notice if a small cat is following us up the street, but if it was a lion we certainly would. Our brains are primed for danger in order to keep us safe. Which is fine, except that in a world of war and suffering, hatred and division – all of which we can instantly access on our phones – this negativity bias can overwhelm us.
An important element of the three good things exercise is that it helps us to focus on the positive in a concrete way. And although I've been suggesting it's an end-ofthe-day exercise, its real strength lies in the fact that the impact soon begins to spread through the day. You find yourself searching out good things to add to your list from the moment you get up. (Whenever I get my favourite seat at the front of the top deck of the bus I think to myself, that's one for my list. How lucky!) And before you know it you are training yourself not only to look out for threats, but for good things too.


Fonte: Hammond, Claudia. The small exercise that's a
powerful mood booster. BBC, 2024. Disponível em:
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20241211-listingthree-good-things-mood-boost. Adaptado
Which of the following word can be used as a synonym of the adverb. “seemingly” in the text?
Alternativas
Q3158167 Inglês
The small exercise that's a powerful mood booster

Counting our blessings is an age-old piece of advice – but it turns out that writing lists of good things that happen to us actually does help improve our mood.
Of all the interventions brought to us by psychological research, I think this is probably my favourite. It's both simple and well-evidenced. And as such, it has become well-known.
There are various names for it – three good things, three blessings or a gratitude list. There are variations too in the exact instructions given, but essentially the exercise involves spending a few moments in the evening reflecting on your day, then writing down three things that went well or that you enjoyed. The final element is to think about why these things felt positive to you. You can choose anything, however small and seemingly inconsequential. Perhaps you bumped into a friend you hadn’t seen for a while? Perhaps you and a colleague laughed about something together. Perhaps you enjoyed your walk home from the station in lovely early evening light.
Alternatively, you could include something much more significant, perhaps even life-changing. Like passing an important exam, or getting a promotion, or hearing that a relative is going to have a baby.
Counting your blessings is of course a very old idea, and exercises of this kind had been used clinically for some time. The initial research investigating whether any of us might use this method in everyday life to improve our wellbeing was published in 2005 by Martin Seligman and Chris Peterson, two major figures in the field of positive psychology.
The study involved 577 people who were randomly assigned to different groups. As a placebo, one group had to write every evening about their early memories from childhood. Other groups were given different interventions to try out. In the arm of the trial that interests us, people were asked to list three things that had gone well that day and what caused them to go well. Over the next few months, the volunteers in all the groups were given scales to measure their happiness.
The results were impressive. Notably, within a month, the people who were assigned the three good things task began to show improvements in their happiness levels as well as a decrease in depressive symptoms – with the positive effects lasting for the six months of the study.
Meanwhile those in the placebo group saw a brief spike in happiness in the first week, but their mood soon returned to baseline, and there was no change at the six month follow up.
One reason that the three good things strategy can work is because it begins to counter the hard-wired tendency we have as humans to register and remember the negative rather than the positive. There's a strong evolutionary reason why we think this way: it's vital for our survival. So, we hardly notice if a small cat is following us up the street, but if it was a lion we certainly would. Our brains are primed for danger in order to keep us safe. Which is fine, except that in a world of war and suffering, hatred and division – all of which we can instantly access on our phones – this negativity bias can overwhelm us.
An important element of the three good things exercise is that it helps us to focus on the positive in a concrete way. And although I've been suggesting it's an end-ofthe-day exercise, its real strength lies in the fact that the impact soon begins to spread through the day. You find yourself searching out good things to add to your list from the moment you get up. (Whenever I get my favourite seat at the front of the top deck of the bus I think to myself, that's one for my list. How lucky!) And before you know it you are training yourself not only to look out for threats, but for good things too.


Fonte: Hammond, Claudia. The small exercise that's a
powerful mood booster. BBC, 2024. Disponível em:
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20241211-listingthree-good-things-mood-boost. Adaptado
What is the main purpose of the exercise described in the text?
Alternativas
Q3158166 Inglês
The small exercise that's a powerful mood booster

Counting our blessings is an age-old piece of advice – but it turns out that writing lists of good things that happen to us actually does help improve our mood.
Of all the interventions brought to us by psychological research, I think this is probably my favourite. It's both simple and well-evidenced. And as such, it has become well-known.
There are various names for it – three good things, three blessings or a gratitude list. There are variations too in the exact instructions given, but essentially the exercise involves spending a few moments in the evening reflecting on your day, then writing down three things that went well or that you enjoyed. The final element is to think about why these things felt positive to you. You can choose anything, however small and seemingly inconsequential. Perhaps you bumped into a friend you hadn’t seen for a while? Perhaps you and a colleague laughed about something together. Perhaps you enjoyed your walk home from the station in lovely early evening light.
Alternatively, you could include something much more significant, perhaps even life-changing. Like passing an important exam, or getting a promotion, or hearing that a relative is going to have a baby.
Counting your blessings is of course a very old idea, and exercises of this kind had been used clinically for some time. The initial research investigating whether any of us might use this method in everyday life to improve our wellbeing was published in 2005 by Martin Seligman and Chris Peterson, two major figures in the field of positive psychology.
The study involved 577 people who were randomly assigned to different groups. As a placebo, one group had to write every evening about their early memories from childhood. Other groups were given different interventions to try out. In the arm of the trial that interests us, people were asked to list three things that had gone well that day and what caused them to go well. Over the next few months, the volunteers in all the groups were given scales to measure their happiness.
The results were impressive. Notably, within a month, the people who were assigned the three good things task began to show improvements in their happiness levels as well as a decrease in depressive symptoms – with the positive effects lasting for the six months of the study.
Meanwhile those in the placebo group saw a brief spike in happiness in the first week, but their mood soon returned to baseline, and there was no change at the six month follow up.
One reason that the three good things strategy can work is because it begins to counter the hard-wired tendency we have as humans to register and remember the negative rather than the positive. There's a strong evolutionary reason why we think this way: it's vital for our survival. So, we hardly notice if a small cat is following us up the street, but if it was a lion we certainly would. Our brains are primed for danger in order to keep us safe. Which is fine, except that in a world of war and suffering, hatred and division – all of which we can instantly access on our phones – this negativity bias can overwhelm us.
An important element of the three good things exercise is that it helps us to focus on the positive in a concrete way. And although I've been suggesting it's an end-ofthe-day exercise, its real strength lies in the fact that the impact soon begins to spread through the day. You find yourself searching out good things to add to your list from the moment you get up. (Whenever I get my favourite seat at the front of the top deck of the bus I think to myself, that's one for my list. How lucky!) And before you know it you are training yourself not only to look out for threats, but for good things too.


Fonte: Hammond, Claudia. The small exercise that's a
powerful mood booster. BBC, 2024. Disponível em:
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20241211-listingthree-good-things-mood-boost. Adaptado
What is the position of the adjective "powerful" in the phrase “a powerful mood booster”? 
Alternativas
Q3158013 História
A Revolução Francesa (1789-1799) é frequentemente interpretada como um marco da Idade Contemporânea, representando a transição entre o absolutismo e o liberalismo político. Contudo, suas causas e consequências permanecem objeto de intensos debates historiográficos. Com base nas análises de Soboul (A Revolução Francesa), Hobsbawm (A Era das Revoluções), e Furet (Repensar a Revolução Francesa), qual das interpretações a seguir é mais consistente com esses estudos?
Alternativas
Q3158012 Pedagogia
Um professor propõe a seus alunos a análise comparativa entre as civilizações maia, asteca e inca. Com base nas discussões de Coe (The Maya), Hassig (Aztec Warfare), e Rowe (Inca Culture at the Time of the Spanish Conquest), qual seria a melhor abordagem para explorar as semelhanças e diferenças entre essas civilizações? 
Alternativas
Q3158011 História
Leia o trecho a seguir:

"O sistema feudal, consolidado durante a Alta Idade Média, caracterizou-se por uma economia agrária de subsistência e uma hierarquia social rigidamente estratificada. As relações de suserania e vassalagem estruturavam-se em pactos de fidelidade, mas as condições econômicas e sociais do feudo variavam consideravelmente entre diferentes regiões da Europa. Nesse contexto, a Igreja Católica desempenhou um papel central, não apenas como autoridade espiritual, mas também como grande proprietária de terras e mediadora de conflitos."

Com base no texto e nas análises de Le Goff (A Civilização do Ocidente Medieval) e Bloch (A Sociedade Feudal), assinale a alternativa correta:
Alternativas
Q3158010 História
Sobre as civilizações da Antiguidade e sua contribuição histórica, analise as afirmativas com base em autores como Gombrich (A Little History of the World), Finley (A Economia Antiga), e Fustel de Coulanges (A Cidade Antiga):

I. A escrita cuneiforme da Mesopotâmia, desenvolvida pelos sumérios por volta de 3.200 a.C., representa o marco inicial da história registrada e foi amplamente utilizada na administração e no registro comercial.
II. O Código de Hamurabi é uma das primeiras compilações legais escritas da humanidade, e seus princípios refletem a concepção de justiça distributiva e proporcional predominante na Mesopotâmia antiga.
III. A centralização do poder no Egito faraônico baseava-se na legitimação religiosa, onde o faraó era considerado um deus vivo e mediador entre os homens e os deuses.
IV. As cidades-estado da Grécia antiga, como Atenas e Esparta, divergiam profundamente em suas estruturas políticas, mas compartilhavam um sistema econômico agrário semelhante, sustentado por uma aristocracia rural.
V. A queda do Império Romano do Ocidente em 476 d.C. foi resultado de fatores exclusivamente externos, como as invasões bárbaras, não havendo contribuição de crises internas no colapso imperial.

Assinale a alternativa correta:
Alternativas
Q3158009 História
A independência dos países latino-americanos foi profundamente influenciada por ideias iluministas, revoluções atlânticas e tensões sociais internas. Contudo, os processos de formação dos Estados nacionais enfrentaram desafios significativos, como o caudilhismo e as intervenções estrangeiras. Com base nas análises de Lynch (1987) e Bethell (1984), qual das alternativas reflete uma interpretação crítica desses processos?
Alternativas
Q3158008 Pedagogia
Um professor de história busca explorar as narrativas sobre a conquista da América do ponto de vista dos povos indígenas, utilizando fontes primárias como os códices astecas e as crônicas de Guamán Poma de Ayala. Segundo as discussões de Todorov (A Conquista da América) e Gruzinski (A Colonização do Imaginário), qual seria a abordagem mais adequada para problematizar essas fontes em sala de aula? 
Alternativas
Q3158007 História
Leia o trecho a seguir:

"Marc Bloch, em sua obra Apologia da História (1949), questiona a tradicional fragmentação da história em períodos estanques e defende a interdisciplinaridade como ferramenta indispensável para compreender as complexidades das sociedades humanas. Essa visão encontra eco em Fernand Braudel, que, ao estruturar a história em níveis temporais — curta, média e longa duração —, reforça a necessidade de analisar estruturas econômicas e geográficas que transcendem os acontecimentos imediatos. Contudo, ambas as abordagens enfrentaram críticas, especialmente de correntes que priorizam a agência individual e o papel do acaso histórico."

Com base no texto e nos debates historiográficos, assinale a alternativa correta:
Alternativas
Q3158006 História
Sobre os fundamentos teóricos e metodológicos da historiografia ocidental, analise as afirmativas com base nos postulados de Auguste Comte (Curso de Filosofia Positiva), Marx (O Capital), Braudel (O Mediterrâneo), e Ginzburg (O Queijo e os Vermes):

I. A historiografia positivista prioriza a neutralidade do historiador, buscando os fatos “tal como ocorreram”, conforme a máxima de Leopold von Ranke, mas ignora a subjetividade intrínseca ao processo de seleção documental.

II. O materialismo histórico marxista compreende a história como um processo dialético, fundamentado nas contradições entre as forças produtivas e as relações de produção, o que explica a transformação dos modos de produção ao longo do tempo.

III. A Escola dos Annales propõe uma ruptura com a história factual e política ao enfatizar o estudo das estruturas econômicas e sociais de longa duração, abordando também as mentalidades coletivas.

IV. A Nova História, influenciada por perspectivas antropológicas e sociológicas, desloca o foco para os sujeitos anônimos, explorando as práticas cotidianas e as experiências de grupos marginalizados.

V. A história cultural, segundo Peter Burke, reforça a centralidade dos grandes eventos políticos na construção da cultura, ignorando as práticas culturais de grupos subalternos.

Assinale a alternativa correta:
Alternativas
Q3158005 História
Segundo Pierre Nora (1984), os lugares de memória são fundamentais para compreender como as sociedades constroem suas identidades históricas. No entanto, o conceito de patrimônio material e imaterial introduz novos desafios para a preservação cultural no contexto contemporâneo. Considerando as análises de Nora e Choay (1992), qual das práticas abaixo estaria mais alinhada à conservação do patrimônio cultural no século XXI?
Alternativas
Q3158004 Pedagogia
Um professor de história organiza um projeto com seus alunos sobre o Renascimento e seu impacto cultural e científico na Europa. Para relacionar os conceitos de humanismo e antropocentrismo às inovações da época, o professor decide analisar obras como as de Leonardo da Vinci e Michelangelo. Qual abordagem metodológica, segundo Burke (1998) e Gombrich (1950), seria mais eficaz para estimular o pensamento crítico e contextualizar as mudanças culturais do Renascimento?
Alternativas
Q3158003 Conhecimentos Gerais
Leia o trecho a seguir:

"A Era Meiji (1868-1912) marcou uma transformação estrutural no Japão, caracterizada pela modernização econômica, social e política. Sob a liderança do imperador Meiji, o país abandonou o isolacionismo do período Tokugawa e adotou um modelo de industrialização inspirado nas potências ocidentais. Contudo, essa modernização foi acompanhada pela consolidação de um Estado militarizado, que culminou na expansão imperialista japonesa nas décadas seguintes."

Com base no texto e nas análises de Beasley (1990) e Duus (1999), assinale a alternativa correta:
Alternativas
Q3158002 História
Sobre a História da África e seus impactos globais, analise as afirmativas com base em Curtin (1990), Davidson (1994), e Thornton (1998):


I. O comércio transaariano foi essencial para a formação dos reinos da África Ocidental, viabilizando a circulação de ouro, sal e conhecimento entre as regiões subsaariana e mediterrânea.

II. O Reino de Gana, consolidado no século X, foi o primeiro grande império da África Ocidental, mas foi eclipsado pelo Reino de Mali após a ascensão de Sundiata Keita no século XIII.

III. A expansão do Reino de Songai no século XV ocorreu sob o comando de Sonni Ali, mas foi interrompida pelas invasões árabes, que fragmentaram o império no início do século XVI.

IV. O tráfico transatlântico de escravos, iniciado pelos portugueses no século XV, provocou o declínio econômico e demográfico das populações africanas, consolidando a dependência colonial no século XIX.

V. As independências africanas no século XX foram precedidas por intensos movimentos pan-africanistas que buscaram reverter as estruturas políticas, econômicas e sociais impostas pelo colonialismo europeu.


Assinale a alternativa correta:
Alternativas
Q3158001 Pedagogia
A inclusão de tecnologias no ensino de história tem transformado as abordagens didáticas, permitindo novas formas de engajamento e avaliação. Segundo Wineburg (2001), o uso de fontes digitais e ferramentas interativas pode estimular o pensamento crítico ao exigir que os alunos analisem múltiplas perspectivas. No entanto, qual prática pedagógica estaria mais alinhada às propostas contemporâneas de ensino investigativo e uso de tecnologias no ensino de história?
Alternativas
Q3158000 Pedagogia
Um professor de história decide incluir no currículo um estudo sobre a história local da cidade onde seus alunos vivem, abordando movimentos sociais e ideológicos locais no século XX. Com base em Schmidt (2009) e Fonseca (1997), qual seria a abordagem metodológica mais eficaz para conectar a história local à história nacional e estimular o pensamento crítico dos alunos?
Alternativas
Respostas
101: B
102: C
103: E
104: C
105: C
106: A
107: D
108: C
109: D
110: C
111: D
112: C
113: D
114: E
115: D
116: E
117: E
118: E
119: B
120: A