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Ano: 2022 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: UNB Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - UNB - Vestibular - Inglês |
Q2032738 Inglês
  The crisis in the Portuguese Empire was already underway in 1807, with some underlying causes found further back in time. It created the conditions for the political split between Brazil and Portugal, a development that virtually nobody imagined at the start of the 19th century. The process that started in 1807 prompted the separation and defined its most lasting results: the emergence of a Brazilian state and nation that would consolidate itself over the next century preserving its distinctive features. The independence process was strongly marked by progressive distancing between the past and the future. In this sense, the self-proclaimed revolutionary nature of the independence process fits neatly into the broader political and intellectual context of the time, full of conceptual innovations.
  The continuity of Brazilian independence is, however, still the most common aspect highlighted by most historians and nonhistorians. It is true that the creation of the Empire of Brazil neither abolished slavery, nor upended social hierarchies for the vast majority of the population, nor modified the highly concentrated nature of land distribution and its overwhelming focus on sustaining an export economy built during centuries of Portuguese colonization. Yet, given the innovations involved in the creation of the Empire of Brazil and their significance in the first decades of the 19th century, the understanding of this history gains depth, complexity, and consistency if one replaces the simple and banal idea of preservation of slavery, social hierarchies, territoriality or monarchy with that of re-creation and reorganization of these elements. If not seen in this light, the history of Brazilian independence silences an array of diverse voices and actors who had been growing increasingly accustomed to participating in politics since the end of the previous century.

João Paulo Pimenta. Independence: Change and
Continuity. In: Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Latin
American History. Internet:<www.oxfordre.com> (adapted).
Based on the text presented, judge the follow item. 

The word “Yet”, in the third sentence of the second paragraph, introduces a statement that stands in contrast to what the author writes about the creation of the Empire of Brazil in the preceding sentences. 
Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: UNB Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - UNB - Vestibular - Inglês |
Q2032737 Inglês
  The crisis in the Portuguese Empire was already underway in 1807, with some underlying causes found further back in time. It created the conditions for the political split between Brazil and Portugal, a development that virtually nobody imagined at the start of the 19th century. The process that started in 1807 prompted the separation and defined its most lasting results: the emergence of a Brazilian state and nation that would consolidate itself over the next century preserving its distinctive features. The independence process was strongly marked by progressive distancing between the past and the future. In this sense, the self-proclaimed revolutionary nature of the independence process fits neatly into the broader political and intellectual context of the time, full of conceptual innovations.
  The continuity of Brazilian independence is, however, still the most common aspect highlighted by most historians and nonhistorians. It is true that the creation of the Empire of Brazil neither abolished slavery, nor upended social hierarchies for the vast majority of the population, nor modified the highly concentrated nature of land distribution and its overwhelming focus on sustaining an export economy built during centuries of Portuguese colonization. Yet, given the innovations involved in the creation of the Empire of Brazil and their significance in the first decades of the 19th century, the understanding of this history gains depth, complexity, and consistency if one replaces the simple and banal idea of preservation of slavery, social hierarchies, territoriality or monarchy with that of re-creation and reorganization of these elements. If not seen in this light, the history of Brazilian independence silences an array of diverse voices and actors who had been growing increasingly accustomed to participating in politics since the end of the previous century.

João Paulo Pimenta. Independence: Change and
Continuity. In: Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Latin
American History. Internet:<www.oxfordre.com> (adapted).
Based on the text presented, judge the follow item. 

The passage “the broader political and intellectual context of the time, full of conceptual innovations” (in the last sentence of the first paragraph) could be correctly rewritten as a context of greater political and intellectual changes happening during an era when all innovations were of an abstract nature, without changing its meaning.
Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: UNB Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - UNB - Vestibular - Inglês |
Q2032736 Inglês
  The crisis in the Portuguese Empire was already underway in 1807, with some underlying causes found further back in time. It created the conditions for the political split between Brazil and Portugal, a development that virtually nobody imagined at the start of the 19th century. The process that started in 1807 prompted the separation and defined its most lasting results: the emergence of a Brazilian state and nation that would consolidate itself over the next century preserving its distinctive features. The independence process was strongly marked by progressive distancing between the past and the future. In this sense, the self-proclaimed revolutionary nature of the independence process fits neatly into the broader political and intellectual context of the time, full of conceptual innovations.
  The continuity of Brazilian independence is, however, still the most common aspect highlighted by most historians and nonhistorians. It is true that the creation of the Empire of Brazil neither abolished slavery, nor upended social hierarchies for the vast majority of the population, nor modified the highly concentrated nature of land distribution and its overwhelming focus on sustaining an export economy built during centuries of Portuguese colonization. Yet, given the innovations involved in the creation of the Empire of Brazil and their significance in the first decades of the 19th century, the understanding of this history gains depth, complexity, and consistency if one replaces the simple and banal idea of preservation of slavery, social hierarchies, territoriality or monarchy with that of re-creation and reorganization of these elements. If not seen in this light, the history of Brazilian independence silences an array of diverse voices and actors who had been growing increasingly accustomed to participating in politics since the end of the previous century.

João Paulo Pimenta. Independence: Change and
Continuity. In: Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Latin
American History. Internet:<www.oxfordre.com> (adapted).

Based on the text presented, judge the follow item. 


The last sentence of the text would still be correct and maintain its original meaning if a comma were placed before “who”, and another after “politics”.

Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: UNB Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - UNB - Vestibular - Inglês |
Q2032735 Inglês
  The crisis in the Portuguese Empire was already underway in 1807, with some underlying causes found further back in time. It created the conditions for the political split between Brazil and Portugal, a development that virtually nobody imagined at the start of the 19th century. The process that started in 1807 prompted the separation and defined its most lasting results: the emergence of a Brazilian state and nation that would consolidate itself over the next century preserving its distinctive features. The independence process was strongly marked by progressive distancing between the past and the future. In this sense, the self-proclaimed revolutionary nature of the independence process fits neatly into the broader political and intellectual context of the time, full of conceptual innovations.
  The continuity of Brazilian independence is, however, still the most common aspect highlighted by most historians and nonhistorians. It is true that the creation of the Empire of Brazil neither abolished slavery, nor upended social hierarchies for the vast majority of the population, nor modified the highly concentrated nature of land distribution and its overwhelming focus on sustaining an export economy built during centuries of Portuguese colonization. Yet, given the innovations involved in the creation of the Empire of Brazil and their significance in the first decades of the 19th century, the understanding of this history gains depth, complexity, and consistency if one replaces the simple and banal idea of preservation of slavery, social hierarchies, territoriality or monarchy with that of re-creation and reorganization of these elements. If not seen in this light, the history of Brazilian independence silences an array of diverse voices and actors who had been growing increasingly accustomed to participating in politics since the end of the previous century.

João Paulo Pimenta. Independence: Change and
Continuity. In: Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Latin
American History. Internet:<www.oxfordre.com> (adapted).
Based on the text presented, judge the follow item. 

The author suggests that preservation, re-creation and reorganization are complementary ideas which explain the history of Brazilian independence and its consequences. 
Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: UNB Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - UNB - Vestibular - Inglês |
Q2032734 Inglês
  The crisis in the Portuguese Empire was already underway in 1807, with some underlying causes found further back in time. It created the conditions for the political split between Brazil and Portugal, a development that virtually nobody imagined at the start of the 19th century. The process that started in 1807 prompted the separation and defined its most lasting results: the emergence of a Brazilian state and nation that would consolidate itself over the next century preserving its distinctive features. The independence process was strongly marked by progressive distancing between the past and the future. In this sense, the self-proclaimed revolutionary nature of the independence process fits neatly into the broader political and intellectual context of the time, full of conceptual innovations.
  The continuity of Brazilian independence is, however, still the most common aspect highlighted by most historians and nonhistorians. It is true that the creation of the Empire of Brazil neither abolished slavery, nor upended social hierarchies for the vast majority of the population, nor modified the highly concentrated nature of land distribution and its overwhelming focus on sustaining an export economy built during centuries of Portuguese colonization. Yet, given the innovations involved in the creation of the Empire of Brazil and their significance in the first decades of the 19th century, the understanding of this history gains depth, complexity, and consistency if one replaces the simple and banal idea of preservation of slavery, social hierarchies, territoriality or monarchy with that of re-creation and reorganization of these elements. If not seen in this light, the history of Brazilian independence silences an array of diverse voices and actors who had been growing increasingly accustomed to participating in politics since the end of the previous century.

João Paulo Pimenta. Independence: Change and
Continuity. In: Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Latin
American History. Internet:<www.oxfordre.com> (adapted).
Based on the text presented, judge the follow item. 

Not only does the text oppose the ideas of continuity and innovation in the context of Brazilian independence, but it also indicates that historians do not have a unanimous view on the topic.
Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: UNB Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - UNB - Vestibular - Inglês |
Q2032733 Inglês
  The crisis in the Portuguese Empire was already underway in 1807, with some underlying causes found further back in time. It created the conditions for the political split between Brazil and Portugal, a development that virtually nobody imagined at the start of the 19th century. The process that started in 1807 prompted the separation and defined its most lasting results: the emergence of a Brazilian state and nation that would consolidate itself over the next century preserving its distinctive features. The independence process was strongly marked by progressive distancing between the past and the future. In this sense, the self-proclaimed revolutionary nature of the independence process fits neatly into the broader political and intellectual context of the time, full of conceptual innovations.
  The continuity of Brazilian independence is, however, still the most common aspect highlighted by most historians and nonhistorians. It is true that the creation of the Empire of Brazil neither abolished slavery, nor upended social hierarchies for the vast majority of the population, nor modified the highly concentrated nature of land distribution and its overwhelming focus on sustaining an export economy built during centuries of Portuguese colonization. Yet, given the innovations involved in the creation of the Empire of Brazil and their significance in the first decades of the 19th century, the understanding of this history gains depth, complexity, and consistency if one replaces the simple and banal idea of preservation of slavery, social hierarchies, territoriality or monarchy with that of re-creation and reorganization of these elements. If not seen in this light, the history of Brazilian independence silences an array of diverse voices and actors who had been growing increasingly accustomed to participating in politics since the end of the previous century.

João Paulo Pimenta. Independence: Change and
Continuity. In: Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Latin
American History. Internet:<www.oxfordre.com> (adapted).
Based on the text presented, judge the follow item. 

From the excerpt “The process that started in 1807” (in the third sentence of the first paragraph)”, it can be correctly concluded that the author is referring to the transfer of the Portuguese royal family to Brazil.
Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: UNB Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - UNB - Vestibular - Inglês |
Q2032732 Inglês
  The crisis in the Portuguese Empire was already underway in 1807, with some underlying causes found further back in time. It created the conditions for the political split between Brazil and Portugal, a development that virtually nobody imagined at the start of the 19th century. The process that started in 1807 prompted the separation and defined its most lasting results: the emergence of a Brazilian state and nation that would consolidate itself over the next century preserving its distinctive features. The independence process was strongly marked by progressive distancing between the past and the future. In this sense, the self-proclaimed revolutionary nature of the independence process fits neatly into the broader political and intellectual context of the time, full of conceptual innovations.
  The continuity of Brazilian independence is, however, still the most common aspect highlighted by most historians and nonhistorians. It is true that the creation of the Empire of Brazil neither abolished slavery, nor upended social hierarchies for the vast majority of the population, nor modified the highly concentrated nature of land distribution and its overwhelming focus on sustaining an export economy built during centuries of Portuguese colonization. Yet, given the innovations involved in the creation of the Empire of Brazil and their significance in the first decades of the 19th century, the understanding of this history gains depth, complexity, and consistency if one replaces the simple and banal idea of preservation of slavery, social hierarchies, territoriality or monarchy with that of re-creation and reorganization of these elements. If not seen in this light, the history of Brazilian independence silences an array of diverse voices and actors who had been growing increasingly accustomed to participating in politics since the end of the previous century.

João Paulo Pimenta. Independence: Change and
Continuity. In: Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Latin
American History. Internet:<www.oxfordre.com> (adapted).

Based on the text presented, judge the follow item. 


The author claims that the Brazilian independence process stemmed partly from events prior to 1807, which were not mentioned in the text.

Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: UNB Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - UNB - Vestibular - Inglês |
Q2032731 Inglês


  On May 13th, 1822, a group of 186 women sent Maria Leopoldina the Letter from the Bahian Women to Her Royal Highness Dona Leopoldina, congratulating her on her role in the patriotic rulings of her husband, Prince Regent Dom Pedro. The document acknowledged the contribution made by the then princess and empress-to-be to ensuring her husband’s permanence in Brazil, which they believed was a key factor in gaining independence from Portugal. “Far more than just a letter, it is a political manifesto,” notes historian Maria de Lourdes Viana Lyra. “At that time, in Brazil, women were given a subordinate role restricted to private household and family affairs. Outside the domestic sphere, women were made invisible, but that did not stop them from mobilizing politically to fight for independence in a variety of ways,” she states.
  In addition to isolated actions led by famous figures, there were other many significant actions that are still largely unknown to the general public, more specifically, those related to instances of collective mobilization of women active in the public arena during the fight for Brazilian independence. Historian Andréa Slemian expands on the matter. “Throughout this process, many women expressed themselves through letters, manifestos, and other texts. Thus, the nascent press in Brazil played an important role, not only by publishing these women’s ideas regarding independence on editorial pages, for example, but also by serving as a mouthpiece for views supporting women’s rights,” notes Slemian.

Ana Paula Orlandi. Unafraid to fight.
Internet: :<www.revistapesquisa.fapesp.br> (adapted).
Considering the ideas and linguistic aspects of the text above, judge the follow item.

favor of Dom Pedro I’s permanence in Brazil. 8 In “Throughout this process” (second paragraph), the first word indicates that examples of women writing about their views can be found all through the process of independence.
Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: UNB Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - UNB - Vestibular - Inglês |
Q2032730 Inglês


  On May 13th, 1822, a group of 186 women sent Maria Leopoldina the Letter from the Bahian Women to Her Royal Highness Dona Leopoldina, congratulating her on her role in the patriotic rulings of her husband, Prince Regent Dom Pedro. The document acknowledged the contribution made by the then princess and empress-to-be to ensuring her husband’s permanence in Brazil, which they believed was a key factor in gaining independence from Portugal. “Far more than just a letter, it is a political manifesto,” notes historian Maria de Lourdes Viana Lyra. “At that time, in Brazil, women were given a subordinate role restricted to private household and family affairs. Outside the domestic sphere, women were made invisible, but that did not stop them from mobilizing politically to fight for independence in a variety of ways,” she states.
  In addition to isolated actions led by famous figures, there were other many significant actions that are still largely unknown to the general public, more specifically, those related to instances of collective mobilization of women active in the public arena during the fight for Brazilian independence. Historian Andréa Slemian expands on the matter. “Throughout this process, many women expressed themselves through letters, manifestos, and other texts. Thus, the nascent press in Brazil played an important role, not only by publishing these women’s ideas regarding independence on editorial pages, for example, but also by serving as a mouthpiece for views supporting women’s rights,” notes Slemian.

Ana Paula Orlandi. Unafraid to fight.
Internet: :<www.revistapesquisa.fapesp.br> (adapted).
Considering the ideas and linguistic aspects of the text above, judge the follow item.

The text mentions Maria de Lourdes Viana Lyra as one of the women who, just before Brazilian independence, were in favor of Dom Pedro I’s permanence in Brazil.
Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: UNB Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - UNB - Vestibular - Inglês |
Q2032729 Inglês


  On May 13th, 1822, a group of 186 women sent Maria Leopoldina the Letter from the Bahian Women to Her Royal Highness Dona Leopoldina, congratulating her on her role in the patriotic rulings of her husband, Prince Regent Dom Pedro. The document acknowledged the contribution made by the then princess and empress-to-be to ensuring her husband’s permanence in Brazil, which they believed was a key factor in gaining independence from Portugal. “Far more than just a letter, it is a political manifesto,” notes historian Maria de Lourdes Viana Lyra. “At that time, in Brazil, women were given a subordinate role restricted to private household and family affairs. Outside the domestic sphere, women were made invisible, but that did not stop them from mobilizing politically to fight for independence in a variety of ways,” she states.
  In addition to isolated actions led by famous figures, there were other many significant actions that are still largely unknown to the general public, more specifically, those related to instances of collective mobilization of women active in the public arena during the fight for Brazilian independence. Historian Andréa Slemian expands on the matter. “Throughout this process, many women expressed themselves through letters, manifestos, and other texts. Thus, the nascent press in Brazil played an important role, not only by publishing these women’s ideas regarding independence on editorial pages, for example, but also by serving as a mouthpiece for views supporting women’s rights,” notes Slemian.

Ana Paula Orlandi. Unafraid to fight.
Internet: :<www.revistapesquisa.fapesp.br> (adapted).
Considering the ideas and linguistic aspects of the text above, judge the follow item.

The statement that, in general, women were to be concerned solely with their homes and families is explained by the gender-based division of social tasks and roles in effect at that time in Brazil.
Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: UNB Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - UNB - Vestibular - Inglês |
Q2032728 Inglês


  On May 13th, 1822, a group of 186 women sent Maria Leopoldina the Letter from the Bahian Women to Her Royal Highness Dona Leopoldina, congratulating her on her role in the patriotic rulings of her husband, Prince Regent Dom Pedro. The document acknowledged the contribution made by the then princess and empress-to-be to ensuring her husband’s permanence in Brazil, which they believed was a key factor in gaining independence from Portugal. “Far more than just a letter, it is a political manifesto,” notes historian Maria de Lourdes Viana Lyra. “At that time, in Brazil, women were given a subordinate role restricted to private household and family affairs. Outside the domestic sphere, women were made invisible, but that did not stop them from mobilizing politically to fight for independence in a variety of ways,” she states.
  In addition to isolated actions led by famous figures, there were other many significant actions that are still largely unknown to the general public, more specifically, those related to instances of collective mobilization of women active in the public arena during the fight for Brazilian independence. Historian Andréa Slemian expands on the matter. “Throughout this process, many women expressed themselves through letters, manifestos, and other texts. Thus, the nascent press in Brazil played an important role, not only by publishing these women’s ideas regarding independence on editorial pages, for example, but also by serving as a mouthpiece for views supporting women’s rights,” notes Slemian.

Ana Paula Orlandi. Unafraid to fight.
Internet: :<www.revistapesquisa.fapesp.br> (adapted).
Considering the ideas and linguistic aspects of the text above, judge the follow item.

The passage “which they believed was a key factor” (first paragraph) could be correctly rewritten in the passive voice as which was believed to be a key factor, without this changing the meaning and coherence of the text.
Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: UNB Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - UNB - Vestibular - Inglês |
Q2032727 Inglês


  On May 13th, 1822, a group of 186 women sent Maria Leopoldina the Letter from the Bahian Women to Her Royal Highness Dona Leopoldina, congratulating her on her role in the patriotic rulings of her husband, Prince Regent Dom Pedro. The document acknowledged the contribution made by the then princess and empress-to-be to ensuring her husband’s permanence in Brazil, which they believed was a key factor in gaining independence from Portugal. “Far more than just a letter, it is a political manifesto,” notes historian Maria de Lourdes Viana Lyra. “At that time, in Brazil, women were given a subordinate role restricted to private household and family affairs. Outside the domestic sphere, women were made invisible, but that did not stop them from mobilizing politically to fight for independence in a variety of ways,” she states.
  In addition to isolated actions led by famous figures, there were other many significant actions that are still largely unknown to the general public, more specifically, those related to instances of collective mobilization of women active in the public arena during the fight for Brazilian independence. Historian Andréa Slemian expands on the matter. “Throughout this process, many women expressed themselves through letters, manifestos, and other texts. Thus, the nascent press in Brazil played an important role, not only by publishing these women’s ideas regarding independence on editorial pages, for example, but also by serving as a mouthpiece for views supporting women’s rights,” notes Slemian.

Ana Paula Orlandi. Unafraid to fight.
Internet: :<www.revistapesquisa.fapesp.br> (adapted).

Considering the ideas and linguistic aspects of the text above, judge the follow item.


Even though the press supported women who were in favor of Brazilian independence, it did not help them in their struggle for their rights.

Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: UNB Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - UNB - Vestibular - Inglês |
Q2032726 Inglês


  On May 13th, 1822, a group of 186 women sent Maria Leopoldina the Letter from the Bahian Women to Her Royal Highness Dona Leopoldina, congratulating her on her role in the patriotic rulings of her husband, Prince Regent Dom Pedro. The document acknowledged the contribution made by the then princess and empress-to-be to ensuring her husband’s permanence in Brazil, which they believed was a key factor in gaining independence from Portugal. “Far more than just a letter, it is a political manifesto,” notes historian Maria de Lourdes Viana Lyra. “At that time, in Brazil, women were given a subordinate role restricted to private household and family affairs. Outside the domestic sphere, women were made invisible, but that did not stop them from mobilizing politically to fight for independence in a variety of ways,” she states.
  In addition to isolated actions led by famous figures, there were other many significant actions that are still largely unknown to the general public, more specifically, those related to instances of collective mobilization of women active in the public arena during the fight for Brazilian independence. Historian Andréa Slemian expands on the matter. “Throughout this process, many women expressed themselves through letters, manifestos, and other texts. Thus, the nascent press in Brazil played an important role, not only by publishing these women’s ideas regarding independence on editorial pages, for example, but also by serving as a mouthpiece for views supporting women’s rights,” notes Slemian.

Ana Paula Orlandi. Unafraid to fight.
Internet: :<www.revistapesquisa.fapesp.br> (adapted).
Considering the ideas and linguistic aspects of the text above, judge the follow item.

In the title of the letter alluded to in the first paragraph, the word “her” is used four times with the same meaning and could correctly be replaced by his in all four cases, had the letter been written to the Prince.
Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: UNB Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - UNB - Vestibular - Inglês |
Q2032725 Inglês


  On May 13th, 1822, a group of 186 women sent Maria Leopoldina the Letter from the Bahian Women to Her Royal Highness Dona Leopoldina, congratulating her on her role in the patriotic rulings of her husband, Prince Regent Dom Pedro. The document acknowledged the contribution made by the then princess and empress-to-be to ensuring her husband’s permanence in Brazil, which they believed was a key factor in gaining independence from Portugal. “Far more than just a letter, it is a political manifesto,” notes historian Maria de Lourdes Viana Lyra. “At that time, in Brazil, women were given a subordinate role restricted to private household and family affairs. Outside the domestic sphere, women were made invisible, but that did not stop them from mobilizing politically to fight for independence in a variety of ways,” she states.
  In addition to isolated actions led by famous figures, there were other many significant actions that are still largely unknown to the general public, more specifically, those related to instances of collective mobilization of women active in the public arena during the fight for Brazilian independence. Historian Andréa Slemian expands on the matter. “Throughout this process, many women expressed themselves through letters, manifestos, and other texts. Thus, the nascent press in Brazil played an important role, not only by publishing these women’s ideas regarding independence on editorial pages, for example, but also by serving as a mouthpiece for views supporting women’s rights,” notes Slemian.

Ana Paula Orlandi. Unafraid to fight.
Internet: :<www.revistapesquisa.fapesp.br> (adapted).

Considering the ideas and linguistic aspects of the text above, judge the follow item.



It can be correctly inferred from the text that the general public is unaware of many different facts which led to Brazilian independence.

Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: UNB Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - UNB - Vestibular - Inglês |
Q2032724 Inglês


  On May 13th, 1822, a group of 186 women sent Maria Leopoldina the Letter from the Bahian Women to Her Royal Highness Dona Leopoldina, congratulating her on her role in the patriotic rulings of her husband, Prince Regent Dom Pedro. The document acknowledged the contribution made by the then princess and empress-to-be to ensuring her husband’s permanence in Brazil, which they believed was a key factor in gaining independence from Portugal. “Far more than just a letter, it is a political manifesto,” notes historian Maria de Lourdes Viana Lyra. “At that time, in Brazil, women were given a subordinate role restricted to private household and family affairs. Outside the domestic sphere, women were made invisible, but that did not stop them from mobilizing politically to fight for independence in a variety of ways,” she states.
  In addition to isolated actions led by famous figures, there were other many significant actions that are still largely unknown to the general public, more specifically, those related to instances of collective mobilization of women active in the public arena during the fight for Brazilian independence. Historian Andréa Slemian expands on the matter. “Throughout this process, many women expressed themselves through letters, manifestos, and other texts. Thus, the nascent press in Brazil played an important role, not only by publishing these women’s ideas regarding independence on editorial pages, for example, but also by serving as a mouthpiece for views supporting women’s rights,” notes Slemian.

Ana Paula Orlandi. Unafraid to fight.
Internet: :<www.revistapesquisa.fapesp.br> (adapted).
Based on the picture above, which shows paintings depicting Empress Maria Leopoldina and Maria Quitéria de Jesus, and the information given in the previous text, it is correct to state that both these women.

are examples of the “famous figures” alluded to at the beginning of the second paragraph of the text.
Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: UNB Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - UNB - Vestibular - 1º Dia |
Q2021275 Português
          O uso de novas marcas de gênero na língua portuguesa como decorrência de um ativismo social aplicado à linguagem nos convida a uma análise. Há registro de diversos movimentos relacionados à busca de usos alternativos aos aceitos oficialmente. Até recentemente, esses movimentos tinham como foco principal a adoção de usos que conferissem à língua do Brasil uma identidade própria. O ativismo atual preocupa-se menos com estrangeirismos e mais com aspectos ligados às questões de gênero.

         Examinemos os usos de “@”, “x”, “e” como desinências para identificar conjuntos de pessoas de diferentes gêneros, em substituição ao plural masculino, previsto nas normas gramaticais. Segundo essas normas, basta que haja um elemento masculino para que o plural seja masculino. Ao nos referirmos a um coletivo em que haja pelo menos uma pessoa do gênero masculino, escrevemos: Nossas saudações a todos. Nos usos do ativismo, temos: Nossas saudações a “tod@s”, “todxs”, “todes” e, mais recentemente, “tods”. Do ponto de vista da funcionalidade da língua, os dois primeiros, assim como o último, não se mostram viáveis no caso de sua produção oral, fato que nos leva a supor que seu uso, enquanto perdurar, continuará restrito ao contexto da escrita. O terceiro (“e”) não apresenta essa limitação. Para uso amplo, tanto na fala quanto na escrita, parecenos, então, que só ele tenha alguma perspectiva de incorporação à língua portuguesa.



Marcelo Correia e Castro. TODAS, TODES, TODOS, TODS, TODXS,
TOD@S: ativismo social, gênero e usos da língua. In: Revista Ciência
Hoje, julho 2021. Internet:<www.cienciahoje.org.br> (com adaptações). 

Com relação às ideias e aos aspectos gramaticais do texto anterior, julgue o item.


No quinto período do segundo parágrafo, o pronome “seu” se refere a


“tod@s”, “todxs” e “tods”, apenas.  

Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: UNB Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - UNB - Vestibular - 1º Dia |
Q2021274 Português
          O uso de novas marcas de gênero na língua portuguesa como decorrência de um ativismo social aplicado à linguagem nos convida a uma análise. Há registro de diversos movimentos relacionados à busca de usos alternativos aos aceitos oficialmente. Até recentemente, esses movimentos tinham como foco principal a adoção de usos que conferissem à língua do Brasil uma identidade própria. O ativismo atual preocupa-se menos com estrangeirismos e mais com aspectos ligados às questões de gênero.

         Examinemos os usos de “@”, “x”, “e” como desinências para identificar conjuntos de pessoas de diferentes gêneros, em substituição ao plural masculino, previsto nas normas gramaticais. Segundo essas normas, basta que haja um elemento masculino para que o plural seja masculino. Ao nos referirmos a um coletivo em que haja pelo menos uma pessoa do gênero masculino, escrevemos: Nossas saudações a todos. Nos usos do ativismo, temos: Nossas saudações a “tod@s”, “todxs”, “todes” e, mais recentemente, “tods”. Do ponto de vista da funcionalidade da língua, os dois primeiros, assim como o último, não se mostram viáveis no caso de sua produção oral, fato que nos leva a supor que seu uso, enquanto perdurar, continuará restrito ao contexto da escrita. O terceiro (“e”) não apresenta essa limitação. Para uso amplo, tanto na fala quanto na escrita, parecenos, então, que só ele tenha alguma perspectiva de incorporação à língua portuguesa.



Marcelo Correia e Castro. TODAS, TODES, TODOS, TODS, TODXS,
TOD@S: ativismo social, gênero e usos da língua. In: Revista Ciência
Hoje, julho 2021. Internet:<www.cienciahoje.org.br> (com adaptações). 

Com relação às ideias e aos aspectos gramaticais do texto anterior, julgue o item.


A correção gramatical seria mantida caso o período “O ativismo atual preocupa-se menos com estrangeirismos e mais com aspectos ligados às questões de gênero” (primeiro parágrafo) fosse reescrito como: O ativismo que se vê atualmente está menos preocupado com estrangeirismos e mais preocupado com aspectos ligados a questões de gênero.

Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: UNB Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - UNB - Vestibular - 1º Dia |
Q2021273 Português
          O uso de novas marcas de gênero na língua portuguesa como decorrência de um ativismo social aplicado à linguagem nos convida a uma análise. Há registro de diversos movimentos relacionados à busca de usos alternativos aos aceitos oficialmente. Até recentemente, esses movimentos tinham como foco principal a adoção de usos que conferissem à língua do Brasil uma identidade própria. O ativismo atual preocupa-se menos com estrangeirismos e mais com aspectos ligados às questões de gênero.

         Examinemos os usos de “@”, “x”, “e” como desinências para identificar conjuntos de pessoas de diferentes gêneros, em substituição ao plural masculino, previsto nas normas gramaticais. Segundo essas normas, basta que haja um elemento masculino para que o plural seja masculino. Ao nos referirmos a um coletivo em que haja pelo menos uma pessoa do gênero masculino, escrevemos: Nossas saudações a todos. Nos usos do ativismo, temos: Nossas saudações a “tod@s”, “todxs”, “todes” e, mais recentemente, “tods”. Do ponto de vista da funcionalidade da língua, os dois primeiros, assim como o último, não se mostram viáveis no caso de sua produção oral, fato que nos leva a supor que seu uso, enquanto perdurar, continuará restrito ao contexto da escrita. O terceiro (“e”) não apresenta essa limitação. Para uso amplo, tanto na fala quanto na escrita, parecenos, então, que só ele tenha alguma perspectiva de incorporação à língua portuguesa.



Marcelo Correia e Castro. TODAS, TODES, TODOS, TODS, TODXS,
TOD@S: ativismo social, gênero e usos da língua. In: Revista Ciência
Hoje, julho 2021. Internet:<www.cienciahoje.org.br> (com adaptações). 

Com relação às ideias e aos aspectos gramaticais do texto anterior, julgue o item.


A oração “que haja um elemento masculino” (segundo período do segundo parágrafo) funciona como o complemento direto da forma verbal “basta”.

Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: UNB Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - UNB - Vestibular - 1º Dia |
Q2021272 Português
          O uso de novas marcas de gênero na língua portuguesa como decorrência de um ativismo social aplicado à linguagem nos convida a uma análise. Há registro de diversos movimentos relacionados à busca de usos alternativos aos aceitos oficialmente. Até recentemente, esses movimentos tinham como foco principal a adoção de usos que conferissem à língua do Brasil uma identidade própria. O ativismo atual preocupa-se menos com estrangeirismos e mais com aspectos ligados às questões de gênero.

         Examinemos os usos de “@”, “x”, “e” como desinências para identificar conjuntos de pessoas de diferentes gêneros, em substituição ao plural masculino, previsto nas normas gramaticais. Segundo essas normas, basta que haja um elemento masculino para que o plural seja masculino. Ao nos referirmos a um coletivo em que haja pelo menos uma pessoa do gênero masculino, escrevemos: Nossas saudações a todos. Nos usos do ativismo, temos: Nossas saudações a “tod@s”, “todxs”, “todes” e, mais recentemente, “tods”. Do ponto de vista da funcionalidade da língua, os dois primeiros, assim como o último, não se mostram viáveis no caso de sua produção oral, fato que nos leva a supor que seu uso, enquanto perdurar, continuará restrito ao contexto da escrita. O terceiro (“e”) não apresenta essa limitação. Para uso amplo, tanto na fala quanto na escrita, parecenos, então, que só ele tenha alguma perspectiva de incorporação à língua portuguesa.



Marcelo Correia e Castro. TODAS, TODES, TODOS, TODS, TODXS,
TOD@S: ativismo social, gênero e usos da língua. In: Revista Ciência
Hoje, julho 2021. Internet:<www.cienciahoje.org.br> (com adaptações). 

Com relação às ideias e aos aspectos gramaticais do texto anterior, julgue o item.


Em “nos convida” (primeiro período do texto) e “parece-nos” (último período do texto), o pronome “nos” poderia aparecer indiferentemente em próclise ou ênclise, sem prejuízo da correção gramatical do texto.  

Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: UNB Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - UNB - Vestibular - 1º Dia |
Q2021271 Português
          O uso de novas marcas de gênero na língua portuguesa como decorrência de um ativismo social aplicado à linguagem nos convida a uma análise. Há registro de diversos movimentos relacionados à busca de usos alternativos aos aceitos oficialmente. Até recentemente, esses movimentos tinham como foco principal a adoção de usos que conferissem à língua do Brasil uma identidade própria. O ativismo atual preocupa-se menos com estrangeirismos e mais com aspectos ligados às questões de gênero.

         Examinemos os usos de “@”, “x”, “e” como desinências para identificar conjuntos de pessoas de diferentes gêneros, em substituição ao plural masculino, previsto nas normas gramaticais. Segundo essas normas, basta que haja um elemento masculino para que o plural seja masculino. Ao nos referirmos a um coletivo em que haja pelo menos uma pessoa do gênero masculino, escrevemos: Nossas saudações a todos. Nos usos do ativismo, temos: Nossas saudações a “tod@s”, “todxs”, “todes” e, mais recentemente, “tods”. Do ponto de vista da funcionalidade da língua, os dois primeiros, assim como o último, não se mostram viáveis no caso de sua produção oral, fato que nos leva a supor que seu uso, enquanto perdurar, continuará restrito ao contexto da escrita. O terceiro (“e”) não apresenta essa limitação. Para uso amplo, tanto na fala quanto na escrita, parecenos, então, que só ele tenha alguma perspectiva de incorporação à língua portuguesa.



Marcelo Correia e Castro. TODAS, TODES, TODOS, TODS, TODXS,
TOD@S: ativismo social, gênero e usos da língua. In: Revista Ciência
Hoje, julho 2021. Internet:<www.cienciahoje.org.br> (com adaptações). 

Com relação às ideias e aos aspectos gramaticais do texto anterior, julgue o item.


O autor do texto mostra-se contrário à incorporação das formas “tod@s”, “todxs” e “tods” como marcas de gênero na língua portuguesa, por serem formas restritas à língua escrita. 

Alternativas
Respostas
2401: C
2402: E
2403: E
2404: E
2405: C
2406: C
2407: C
2408: C
2409: E
2410: C
2411: E
2412: E
2413: E
2414: C
2415: C
2416: C
2417: C
2418: E
2419: E
2420: E